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Tanzania

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Background :

Shortly after achieving independence from Britain in the early 1960s, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form the nation of Tanzania in 1964. One-party rule came to an end in 1995 with the first democratic elections held in the country since the 1970s. Zanzibar's semi-autonomous status and popular opposition have led to two contentious elections since 1995, which the ruling party won despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities. 

Location :

Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

6 00 S, 35 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 29.33
North -0.99
East 40.44
South -11.75

Area :

total 947 300 square km
land 885 800 square km
water 61 500 square km

Land boundaries :

total 3 861 km
Burundi (bi) 451 km
Democratic Republic of the Congo 459 km
Kenya (ke) 769 km
Malawi (mw) 475 km
Mozambique (mz) 756 km
Rwanda (rw) 217 km
Uganda (ug) 396 km
Zambia (zm) 338 km

Coastline :

1424.00 km

Climate :

varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands 

Terrain :

plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 0 metres
highest point 5 895 metres

Natural resources :

coal diamonds
gemstones gold
hydropower iron ore
natural gas nickel
phosphates tin

Land use :

arable land 4.23 %
permanent crops 1.16 %
other 94.61 %

Irrigated land :

1 840 square km

current issues :

soil degradation; deforestation; desertification; destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats; recent droughts affected marginal agriculture; wildlife threatened by illegal hunting and trade, especially for ivory 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes
Law of the Sea Ozone Layer Protection
Wetlands

Population :

41 048 532 

Indicators :

Growth rate 2.04 %
Birth rate 34.29 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 4.46 children born/woman
Death rate 12.59 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate -1.30 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 43.00 %
15-64 years 54.10 %
65 years and over 2.90 %

Median age :

total 18.00 years
male 17.80 years
female 18.30 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.00 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.78 male(s)/female
total population 0.98 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 69.28 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 52.01 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 50.56 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 53.51 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 6.20 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 1 400 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 96 000

Religions :

Christian 30.00 %
Muslim 35.00 %
indigenous beliefs 35.00 %

Languages :

Kiswahili or Swahili  
Kiunguja  
English  
Arabic  

Literacy :

total population 69.40 %
male 77.50 %
female 62.20 %

Country name :

conventional long form United Republic of Tanzania
conventional short form Tanzania
local long form Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania
local short form Tanzania
former United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 TZ
ISO Numeric 834
ISO3 TZA
FIPS TZ
ccTLD tz
English Tanzania

Administrative divisions :

26 regions; Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Iringa, Kagera, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Lindi, Manyara, Mara, Mbeya, Morogoro, Mtwara, Mwanza, Pemba North, Pemba South, Pwani, Rukwa, Ruvuma, Shinyanga, Singida, Tabora, Tanga, Zanzibar Central/South, Zanzibar North, Zanzibar Urban/West 

Capital :

name Dar es Salaam
geographic coordinates 6 48 S, 39 17 E
time difference 3.00

International organization participation :

ACP AU
AfDB C
EAC EADB
FAO G-6
G-77 IAEA
IBRD ICAO
ICC ICCt
ICRM IDA
IFAD IFC
IFRCS ILO
IMF IMO
IMSO IOC
IOM IPU
ISO ITSO
ITU ITUC
Interpol MIGA
NAM OPCW
SADC UN
UNAMID UNCTAD
UNESCO UNHCR
UNIDO UNIFIL
UNMIS UNOCI
UNWTO UPU
WCO WFTU
WHO WIPO
WMO WTO

Independence :

1964-04-26 

National holiday :

Union Day

1964-04-26

Executive branch :

President Jakaya KIKWETE President Jakaya KIKWETE

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 57 500 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 22 160 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate 4.50 %
PPP - per capita 1 400 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 26.60 %
industry 22.60 %
services 50.80 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 80.00 %
services 20.00 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 21 230 000 people
Population below poverty line 36.00 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 34.60
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 11.60 %
Investment (gross fixed) 18.10 % of GDP
Current account balance - 1 995 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2 897 000 000 $
Debt external 7 070 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 541 100 000 $
Military expenditures 0.20 % of GDP
Public debt 24.80 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 2.90 %
highest 10% 26.90 %

Budget :

revenues 3 780 000 000 $
expenditures 4 693 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

bananas cashew nuts
cassava cattle
cloves coffee
corn cotton
fruits goats
pyrethrum sheep
sisal tea
tobacco vegetables
wheat

Industries :

agricultural processing apparel
beer cement
cigarettes diamonds
fertilizer gold
iron mining oil refining
salt shoes
sisal twine soda ash
wood products

Energy :

Electricity Production 3 786 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 3 182 000 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 200 000 000 kWh
Oil Consumption 32 000 bbl/day
Oil Imports 28 070 bbl/day
Natural gas Production 560 700 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Consumption 560 700 000 cubic metres
Electricity Exports 6 513 000 000 cubic metres

Value :

2 744 000 000 $

Partners :

India (in) 9.10 %
Japan (jp) 6.50 %
China (cn) 6.30 %
UAE 5.70 %
Netherlands (nl) 5.50 %
Germany (de) 5.10 %

Commodities :

cashew nuts coffee
cotton gold
manufactures

Value :

5 545 000 000 $

Partners :

China (cn) 13.70 %
India (in) 13.40 %
South Africa (za) 7.40 %
Kenya (ke) 6.60 %
UAE 5.60 %

Commodities :

consumer products industrial raw materials
machinery and transportation equipment petroleum

Currency-name :

Tanzanian shilling 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 179 849
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 14 723 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 11
Television broadcast stations 3
Internet Country code (ccTLD) tz
Internet Hosts 24 724
Internet Users 520 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 9
Pipelines - gas 254 km
Pipelines - oil 888 km
Pipelines - refined products 8 km
Roadways - total 78 891 km
Roadways - paved 6 808 km
Roadways - unpaved 72 083 km
Railways 3 689 km

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