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Zambia

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Background :

The territory of Northern Rhodesia was administered by the [British] South Africa Company from 1891 until it was taken over by the UK in 1923. During the 1920s and 1930s, advances in mining spurred development and immigration. The name was changed to Zambia upon independence in 1964. In the 1980s and 1990s, declining copper prices and a prolonged drought hurt the economy. Elections in 1991 brought an end to one-party rule, but the subsequent vote in 1996 saw blatant harassment of opposition parties. The election in 2001 was marked by administrative problems with three parties filing a legal petition challenging the election of ruling party candidate Levy MWANAWASA. The new president launched an anticorruption investigation in 2002 to probe high-level corruption during the previous administration. In 2006-07, this task force successfully prosecuted four cases, including a landmark civil case in the UK in which former President CHILUBA and numerous others were found liable for USD 41 million. MWANAWASA was reelected in 2006 in an election that was deemed free and fair. Upon his abrupt death in August 2008, he was succeeded by his Vice-president Rupiah BANDA, who subsequently won a special presidential election in October 2008. 

Location :

Southern Africa, east of Angola 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

15 00 S, 30 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 22.00
North -8.22
East 33.71
South -18.08

Area :

total 752 618 square km
land 743 398 square km
water 9 220 square km

Land boundaries :

total 5 664 km
Angola (ao) 1 110 km
Democratic Republic of the Congo 1 930 km
Malawi (mw) 837 km
Mozambique (mz) 419 km
Namibia (na) 233 km
Tanzania (tz) 338 km
Zimbabwe (zw) 797 km

Coastline :

0.00 km

Climate :

tropical; modified by altitude; rainy season (October to April) 

Terrain :

mostly high plateau with some hills and mountains 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 329 metres
highest point 2 301 metres

Natural resources :

coal cobalt
copper emeralds
gold hydropower
lead silver
uranium zinc

Land use :

arable land 6.99 %
permanent crops 0.04 %
other 92.97 %

Irrigated land :

1 560 square km

Natural hazards :

periodic droughts tropical storms

current issues :

air pollution and resulting acid rain in the mineral extraction and refining region; chemical runoff into watersheds; poaching seriously threatens rhinoceros, elephant, antelope, and large cat populations; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; lack of adequate water treatment presents human health risks 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes
Law of the Sea Ozone Layer Protection
Wetlands

Population :

11 862 740 

Indicators :

Growth rate 1.63 %
Birth rate 40.24 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 5.15 children born/woman
Death rate 21.34 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate -2.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 45.10 %
15-64 years 52.60 %
65 years and over 2.30 %

Median age :

total 17.00 years
male 16.90 years
female 17.20 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.00 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.70 male(s)/female
total population 1.00 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 101.20 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 38.63 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 38.53 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 38.73 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 15.20 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 1 100 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 56 000

Religions :

Christian 50.00 %
Muslim and Hindu 24.00 %
indigenous beliefs 1.00 %

Languages :

Bemba 30.10 %
Nyanja 10.70 %
Tonga 10.60 %
Lozi 5.70 %
Chewa 4.90 %
Nsenga 3.40 %
Tumbuka 2.50 %
Lunda 2.20 %
Kaonde 2.00 %
Lala 2.00 %
Luvale 1.70 %
English 1.70 %

Literacy :

total population 80.60 %
male 86.80 %
female 74.80 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Zambia
conventional short form Zambia
former Northern Rhodesia

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 ZM
ISO Numeric 894
ISO3 ZMB
FIPS ZA
ccTLD zm
English Zambia

Administrative divisions :

9 provinces; Central, Copperbelt, Eastern, Luapula, Lusaka, Northern, North-Western, Southern, Western 

Capital :

name Lusaka
geographic coordinates 15 25 S, 28 17 E
time difference 2.00

International organization participation :

AU AfDB
C COMESA
FAO G-77
IAEA IBRD
ICAO ICCt
ICRM IDA
IFAD IFC
IFRCS ILO
IMF IOC
IOM IPU
ISO (correspondent) ITSO
ITU ITUC
Interpol MIGA
NAM OPCW
PCA SADC
UN UNAMID
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNHCR UNIDO
UNMIL UNMIS
UNOCI UNWTO
UPU WCO
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO

Independence :

1964-10-24 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1964-10-24

Executive branch :

President Rupiah BANDA

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 18 550 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 12 290 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate 4.50 %
PPP - per capita 1 500 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 19.20 %
industry 31.30 %
services 49.50 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 85.00 %
industry 6.00 %
services 9.00 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 5 398 000 people
Unemployment rate 50.00 %
Population below poverty line 86.00 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 50.80
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 13.50 %
Investment (gross fixed) 19.50 % of GDP
Current account balance - 364 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 1 250 000 000 $
Debt external 3 313 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 2 346 000 000 $
Military expenditures 1.80 % of GDP
Public debt 31.50 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 1.20 %
highest 10% 38.80 %

Budget :

revenues 2 514 000 000 $
expenditures 2 860 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

cassava cattle
coffee corn
cotton eggs
flowers goats
hides milk
peanuts pigs
poultry rice
sorghum sugarcane
sunflower seed tobacco
vegetables

Industries :

beverages chemicals
construction copper mining and processing
fertilizer foodstuffs
horticulture textiles

Energy :

Electricity Production 9 752 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 8 838 000 000 kWh
Electricity Exports 268 000 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 222 000 000 kWh
Oil Production 159 bbl/day
Oil Consumption 16 000 bbl/day
Oil Exports 275 bbl/day
Oil Imports 14 730 bbl/day

Value :

4 388 000 000 $

Partners :

China (cn) 13.80 %
South Africa (za) 8.20 %
Democratic Republic of the Congo 7.80 %
Saudi Arabia (sa) 7.60 %
South Korea 7.60 %
Egypt (eg) 7.40 %
Italy (it) 6.70 %
India (in) 4.60 %

Commodities :

cobalt cobalt
copper cotton
electricity flowers
tobacco

Value :

4 131 000 000 $

Partners :

South Africa (za) 52.50 %
UAE 8.20 %
China (cn) 6.90 %

Commodities :

clothing electricity
fertilizer foodstuffs
machinery petroleum products
transportation equipment

Currency-name :

Zambian kwacha 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 90 600
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 3 539 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 5
Television broadcast stations 9
Internet Country code (ccTLD) zm
Internet Hosts 14 951
Internet Users 700 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 9
Pipelines - oil 771 km
Roadways - total 91 440 km
Roadways - paved 20 117 km
Roadways - unpaved 71 323 km
Railways 2 157 km
Waterways 2 250 km

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