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Malawi

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Background :

Established in 1891, the British protectorate of Nyasaland became the independent nation of Malawi in 1964. After three decades of one-party rule under President Hastings Kamuzu BANDA the country held multiparty elections in 1994, under a provisional constitution that came into full effect the following year. Current President Bingu wa MUTHARIKA, elected in May 2004 after a failed attempt by the previous president to amend the constitution to permit another term, struggled to assert his authority against his predecessor and subsequently started his own party, the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) in 2005. As president, MUTHARIKA has overseen economic improvement but because of political deadlock in the legislature, his minority party has been unable to pass significant legislation, and anti-corruption measures have stalled. Population growth, increasing pressure on agricultural lands, corruption, and the spread of HIV/AIDS pose major problems for Malawi. Mutharika was reelected to a second term in May 2009. 

Location :

Southern Africa, east of Zambia 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

13 30 S, 34 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 32.67
North -9.37
East 35.92
South -17.13

Area :

total 118 484 square km
land 94 080 square km
water 24 404 square km

Land boundaries :

total 2 881 km
Mozambique (mz) 1 569 km
Tanzania (tz) 475 km
Zambia (zm) 837 km

Coastline :

0.00 km

Climate :

sub-tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May to November) 

Terrain :

narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, some mountains 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 37 metres
highest point 3 002 metres

Natural resources :

arable land bauxite
coal hydropower
limestone unexploited deposits of uranium

Land use :

arable land 20.68 %
permanent crops 1.18 %
other 78.14 %

Irrigated land :

560 square km

current issues :

deforestation; land degradation; water pollution from agricultural runoff, sewage, industrial wastes; siltation of spawning grounds endangers fish populations 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Environmental Modification
Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea
Marine Life Conservation Ozone Layer Protection
Ship Pollution Wetlands

Population :

15 028 757 

Indicators :

Growth rate 2.75 %
Birth rate 41.68 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 5.59 children born/woman
Death rate 14.23 deaths/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 45.40 %
15-64 years 51.90 %
65 years and over 2.70 %

Median age :

total 16.80 years
male 16.80 years
female 16.90 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.02 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.00 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.74 male(s)/female
total population 1.00 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 86.01 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 50.03 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 49.39 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 50.67 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 11.90 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 930 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 68 000

Religions :

Christian 79.90 %
Muslim 12.80 %
other 3.00 %
none 4.30 %

Languages :

Chichewa 57.20 %
Chinyanja 12.80 %
Chiyao 10.10 %
Chitumbuka 9.50 %
Chisena 2.70 %
Chilomwe 2.40 %
Chitonga 1.70 %

Literacy :

total population 62.70 %
male 76.10 %
female 49.80 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Malawi
conventional short form Malawi
local long form Dziko la Malawi
local short form Malawi
former British Central African Protectorate, Nyasaland Protectorate, Nyasaland

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 MW
ISO Numeric 454
ISO3 MWI
FIPS MI
ccTLD mw
English Malawi

Administrative divisions :

28 districts; Balaka, Blantyre, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Chitipa, Dedza, Dowa, Karonga, Kasungu, Likoma, Lilongwe, Machinga (Kasupe), Mangochi, Mchinji, Mulanje, Mwanza, Mzimba, Neno, Ntcheu, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Nsanje, Ntchisi, Phalombe, Rumphi, Salima, Thyolo, Zomba 

Capital :

name Lilongwe
geographic coordinates 13 59 S, 33 47 E
time difference 2.00

International organization participation :

ACP AU
AfDB C
COMESA FAO
G-77 IAEA
IBRD ICAO
ICCt ICRM
IDA IFAD
IFC IFRCS
ILO IMF
IMO IOC
ISO (correspondent) ITSO
ITU ITUC
Interpol MIGA
MINURCAT MONUC
NAM OPCW
SADC UN
UNAMID UNCTAD
UNESCO UNIDO
UNMIL UNWTO
UPU WCO
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO

Independence :

1964-07-06 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1964-07-06

Executive branch :

President Bingu wa MUTHARIKA

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 12 810 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 4 909 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate 5.90 %
PPP - per capita 900 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 35.50 %
industry 19.90 %
services 44.60 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 90.00 %
services 10.00 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 5 747 000 people
Population below poverty line 53.00 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 39.00
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 8.50 %
Investment (gross fixed) 11.60 % of GDP
Current account balance - 216 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 194 000 000 $
Debt external 1 091 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 587 200 000 $
Military expenditures 1.30 % of GDP
Public debt 58.00 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 3.00 %
highest 10% 31.90 %

Budget :

revenues 1 215 000 000 $
expenditures 1 325 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

Macadamia nuts cassava
cattle corn
cotton goats
peanuts potatoes
pulses sorghum
sugarcane tea
tobacco

Industries :

cement consumer goods
sawmill products sugar
tea tobacco

Energy :

Electricity Production 1 690 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 1 572 000 000 kWh
Oil Consumption 8 000 bbl/day
Oil Imports 6 960 bbl/day

Value :

945 000 000 $

Commodities :

apparel coffee
cotton peanuts
sugar tea
tobacco wood products

Value :

1 625 000 000 $

Commodities :

consumer products food
petroleum products semimanufactures
transportation equipment

Currency-name :

Malawian kwacha 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 236 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 1 781 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 5
Television broadcast stations 1
Internet Country code (ccTLD) mw
Internet Hosts 741
Internet Users 316 100

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 6
Roadways - total 15 451 km
Roadways - paved 6 956 km
Roadways - unpaved 8 495 km
Railways 797 km
Waterways 700 km

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