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Kenya

X

Background :

Founding president and liberation struggle icon Jomo KENYATTA led Kenya from independence in 1963 until his death in 1978, when President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI took power in a constitutional succession. The country was a de facto one-party state from 1969 until 1982 when the ruling Kenya African National Union (KANU) made itself the sole legal party in Kenya. MOI acceded to internal and external pressure for political liberalization in late 1991. The ethnically fractured opposition failed to dislodge KANU from power in elections in 1992 and 1997, which were marred by violence and fraud, but were viewed as having generally reflected the will of the Kenyan people. President MOI stepped down in December 2002 following fair and peaceful elections. Mwai KIBAKI, running as the candidate of the multiethnic, united opposition group, the National Rainbow Coalition (NARC), defeated KANU candidate Uhuru KENYATTA and assumed the presidency following a campaign centered on an anticorruption platform. KIBAKI's NARC coalition splintered in 2005 over the constitutional review process. Government defectors joined with KANU to form a new opposition coalition, the Orange Democratic Movement, which defeated the government's draft constitution in a popular referendum in November 2005. KIBAKI's reelection in December 2007 brought charges of vote rigging from ODM candidate Raila ODINGA and unleashed two months of violence in which as many as 1,500 people died. UN-sponsored talks in late February produced a powersharing accord bringing ODINGA into the government in the restored position of prime minister. 

Location :

Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

1 00 N, 38 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 33.91
North 5.02
East 41.90
South -4.68

Area :

total 580 367 square km
land 569 140 square km
water 11 227 square km

Land boundaries :

total 3 477 km
Ethiopia (et) 861 km
Somalia (so) 682 km
Sudan (sd) 232 km
Tanzania (tz) 769 km
Uganda (ug) 933 km

Coastline :

536.00 km

Climate :

varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior 

Terrain :

low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile plateau in west 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 0 metres
highest point 5 199 metres

Natural resources :

diatomite fluorspar
gemstones gypsum
hydropower limestone
salt soda ash
wildlife zinc

Land use :

arable land 8.01 %
permanent crops 0.97 %
other 91.02 %

Irrigated land :

1 030 square km

current issues :

water pollution from urban and industrial wastes; degradation of water quality from increased use of pesticides and fertilizers; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; poaching 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes
Law of the Sea Marine Dumping
Marine Life Conservation Ozone Layer Protection
Ship Pollution Wetlands
Whaling

Population :

39 002 772 

Indicators :

Growth rate 2.69 %
Birth rate 36.64 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 4.56 children born/woman
Death rate 9.72 deaths/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 42.30 %
15-64 years 55.10 %
65 years and over 2.60 %

Median age :

total 18.70 years
male 18.60 years
female 18.80 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.02 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.84 male(s)/female
total population 1.00 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 54.70 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 57.86 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 57.49 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 58.24 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 6.70 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 1 200 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 150 000

Religions :

Protestant 45.00 %
Roman Catholic 33.00 %
Muslim 10.00 %
indigenous beliefs 10.00 %
other 2.00 %

Languages :

English  
Kiswahili  

Literacy :

total population 85.10 %
male 90.60 %
female 79.70 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Kenya
conventional short form Kenya
local long form Republic of Kenya/Jamhuri ya Kenya
local short form Kenya
former British East Africa

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 KE
ISO Numeric 404
ISO3 KEN
FIPS KE
ccTLD ke
English Kenya

Administrative divisions :

7 provinces and 1 area*; Central, Coast, Eastern, Nairobi Area*, North Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley, Western 

Capital :

name Nairobi
geographic coordinates 1 17 S, 36 49 E
time difference 3.00

International organization participation :

ACP AU
AfDB C
COMESA EAC
EADB FAO
G-15 G-77
IAEA IBRD
ICAO ICCt
ICRM IDA
IFAD IFC
IFRCS IGAD
ILO IMF
IMO IMSO
IOC IOM
IPU ISO
ITSO ITU
ITUC Interpol
MIGA MINURCAT
MONUC NAM
OPCW PCA
UN UNAMID
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNHCR UNIDO
UNMIS UNOCI
UNWTO UPU
WCO WFTU
WHO WIPO
WMO WTO

Independence :

1963-12-12 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1963-12-12

Executive branch :

President Mwai KIBAKI President Mwai KIBAKI

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 63 520 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 30 210 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate 1.80 %
PPP - per capita 1 600 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 21.40 %
industry 16.30 %
services 62.30 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 75.00 %
services 25.00 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 17 470 000 people
Unemployment rate 40.00 %
Population below poverty line 50.00 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 42.50
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 20.50 %
Investment (gross fixed) 21.50 % of GDP
Current account balance - 1 859 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2 601 000 000 $
Debt external 7 729 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 42 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 2 053 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 10 920 000 000 $
Military expenditures 2.80 % of GDP
Public debt 54.10 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 1.80 %
highest 10% 37.80 %

Budget :

revenues 6 858 000 000 $
expenditures 8 759 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

beef coffee
corn dairy
eggs fruits
pork poultry
sugarcane tea
vegetables wheat

Industries :

agricultural products aluminum
batteries cement
cigarettes clothing
commercial ship repair consumer goods
flour furniture
horticulture lead
oil refining soap
steel textiles
tourism

Energy :

Electricity Production 5 223 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 4 863 000 000 kWh
Electricity Exports 58 300 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 22 500 000 kWh
Oil Consumption 75 000 bbl/day
Oil Exports 7 270 bbl/day
Oil Imports 80 530 bbl/day

Value :

4 479 000 000 $

Commodities :

cement coffee
fish horticultural products
petroleum products tea

Value :

9 031 000 000 $

Partners :

UAE 11.90 %
India (in) 11.80 %
China (cn) 10.30 %
Saudi Arabia (sa) 8.30 %
South Africa (za) 5.90 %
Japan (jp) 5.30 %
United States (us) 4.00 %

Commodities :

iron and steel machinery and transportation equipment
motor vehicles petroleum products
resins and plastics

Currency-name :

Kenyan shilling 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 252 300
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 16 234 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 82
Television broadcast stations 8
Internet Country code (ccTLD) ke
Internet Hosts 32 913
Internet Users 3 360 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 16
Pipelines - oil 4 km
Pipelines - refined products 928 km
Roadways - total 63 574 km
Roadways - paved 9 273 km
Roadways - unpaved 54 301 km
Railways 2 778 km

Photos

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