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Burundi

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Background :

Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only 100 days in office, triggering widespread ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. More than 200,000 Burundians perished during the conflict that spanned almost a dozen years. Hundreds of thousands of Burundians were internally displaced or became refugees in neighboring countries. An internationally brokered power-sharing agreement between the Tutsi-dominated government and the Hutu rebels in 2003 paved the way for a transition process that led to an integrated defense force, established a new constitution in 2005, and elected a majority Hutu government in 2005. The new government, led by President Pierre NKURUNZIZA, signed a South African brokered ceasefire with the country's last rebel group in September of 2006 but still faces many challenges. 

Location :

Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

3 30 S, 30 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 28.99
North -2.31
East 30.85
South -4.47

Area :

total 27 830 square km
land 25 680 square km
water 2 150 square km

Land boundaries :

total 974 km
Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km
Rwanda (rw) 290 km
Tanzania (tz) 451 km

Coastline :

0.00 km

Climate :

equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; two wet seasons (February to May and September to November), and two dry seasons (June to August and December to January) 

Terrain :

hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 772 metres
highest point 2 670 metres

Natural resources :

arable land cobalt
copper gold
hydropower kaolin
limestone nickel
niobium peat
platinum rare earth oxides
tantalum tin
tungsten uranium
vanadium

Land use :

arable land 35.57 %
permanent crops 13.12 %
other 51.31 %

Irrigated land :

210 square km

Natural hazards :

flooding lides

current issues :

soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes
Law of the Sea Ozone Layer Protection
Wetlands

Population :

9 511 330 

Indicators :

Growth rate 3.69 %
Birth rate 41.76 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 6.33 children born/woman
Death rate 10.14 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate 5.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 46.30 %
15-64 years 51.20 %
65 years and over 2.50 %

Median age :

total 16.70 years
male 16.50 years
female 17.00 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.66 male(s)/female
total population 0.99 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 64.86 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 57.80 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 56.21 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 59.43 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 2.00 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 110 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 11 000

Religions :

Christian 67.00 %
indigenous beliefs 23.00 %
Muslim 10.00 %

Languages :

Kirundi  
French  
Swahili  

Literacy :

total population 59.30 %
male 67.30 %
female 52.20 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Burundi
conventional short form Burundi
local long form Republique du Burundi/Republika y'u Burundi
local short form Burundi
former Urundi

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 BI
ISO Numeric 108
ISO3 BDI
FIPS BY
ccTLD bi
English Burundi

Administrative divisions :

17 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rutana, Ruyigi 

Capital :

name Bujumbura
geographic coordinates 3 22 S, 29 21 E
time difference 2.00

International organization participation :

ACCT ACP
AU AfDB
CEPGL COMESA
EAC FAO
G-77 IAEA
IBRD ICAO
ICCt ICRM
IDA IFAD
IFC IFRCS
ILO IMF
IOC IOM
IPU ISO (subscriber)
ITU ITUC
Interpol MIGA
NAM OIF
OPCW UN
UNAMID UNCTAD
UNESCO UNIDO
UNWTO UPU
WCO WFTU
WHO WIPO
WMO WTO

Independence :

1962-07-01 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1962-07-01

Executive branch :

President Pierre NKURUNZIZA

Legislative branch :

CNDD-FDD 58.60 %
FRODEBU 21.70 %
UPRONA 7.20 %
CNDD 4.10 %
MRC-Rurenzangemero 2.10 %
others 6.20 %

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 3 266 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 1 410 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate 3.80 %
PPP - per capita 300 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 33.30 %
industry 21.00 %
services 45.80 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 93.60 %
industry 2.30 %
services 4.10 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 4 245 000 people
Population below poverty line 68.00 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 42.40
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 14.10 %
Investment (gross fixed) 11.30 % of GDP
Current account balance - 144 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 212 000 000 $
Debt external 1 200 000 000 $
Military expenditures 5.90 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 4.10 %
highest 10% 28.00 %

Budget :

revenues 342 200 000 $
expenditures 385 700 000 $

Agriculture - products :

bananas beef
cassava coffee
corn cotton
hides milk
sorghum sweet potatoes
tea

Industries :

assembly of imported components food processing
light consumer goods such as blankets public works construction
shoes soap

Energy :

Electricity Production 92 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 125 600 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 40 000 000 kWh
Oil Consumption 3 000 bbl/day
Oil Imports 2 495 bbl/day

Value :

79 000 000 $

Commodities :

coffee cotton
hides sugar
tea

Value :

318 000 000 $

Commodities :

capital products foodstuffs
petroleum products

Currency-name :

Burundi franc 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 30 400
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 480 600
FM Radio broadcast stations 4
Television broadcast stations 1
Internet Country code (ccTLD) bi
Internet Hosts 191
Internet Users 65 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 1
Heliports 1
Roadways - total 12 322 km
Roadways - paved 1 286 km
Roadways - unpaved 11 036 km

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