* βeta

Chad

X

Background :

Chad, part of France's African holdings until 1960, endured three decades of civil warfare as well as invasions by Libya before a semblance of peace was finally restored in 1990. The government eventually drafted a democratic constitution, and held flawed presidential elections in 1996 and 2001. In 1998, a rebellion broke out in northern Chad, which has sporadically flared up despite several peace agreements between the government and the rebels. In 2005, new rebel groups emerged in western Sudan and made probing attacks into eastern Chad, despite signing peace agreements in December 2006 and October 2007. Power remains in the hands of an ethnic minority. In June 2005, President Idriss DEBY held a referendum successfully removing constitutional term limits and won another controversial election in 2006. Sporadic rebel campaigns continued throughout 2006 and 2007, and the capital experienced a significant rebel threat in early 2008. 

Location :

Central Africa, south of Libya 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

15 00 N, 19 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 13.47
North 23.45
East 24.00
South 7.44

Area :

total 1 284 000 square km
land 1 259 200 square km
water 24 800 square km

Land boundaries :

total 5 968 km
Cameroon (cm) 1 094 km
Central African Republic (cf) 1 197 km
Libya (ly) 1 055 km
Niger (ne) 1 175 km
Nigeria (ng) 87 km
Sudan (sd) 1 360 km

Coastline :

0.00 km

Climate :

tropical in south, desert in north 

Terrain :

broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 160 metres
highest point 3 415 metres

Natural resources :

fish gold
gravel kaolin
limestone natron
petroleum salt
sand uranium

Land use :

arable land 2.80 %
permanent crops 0.02 %
other 97.18 %

Irrigated land :

300 square km

Natural hazards :

harmattan winds periodic droughts

current issues :

inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in rural areas contributes to soil and water pollution; desertification 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Desertification Endangered Species
Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea
Marine Dumping Ozone Layer Protection
Wetlands

Population :

10 329 208 

Indicators :

Growth rate 2.07 %
Birth rate 40.86 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 5.31 children born/woman
Death rate 16.09 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate -4.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 46.70 %
15-64 years 50.40 %
65 years and over 2.90 %

Median age :

total 16.50 years
male 15.30 years
female 17.70 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.85 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.73 male(s)/female
total population 0.92 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 98.69 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 47.70 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 46.67 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 48.77 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 3.50 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 200 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 14 000

Religions :

Muslim 53.10 %
Catholic 20.10 %
Protestant 14.20 %
animist 7.30 %
other 0.50 %
unknown 1.70 %
atheist 3.10 %

Languages :

French  
Arabic  
Sara  

Literacy :

total population 25.70 %
male 40.80 %
female 12.80 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Chad
conventional short form Chad
local long form Republique du Tchad/Jumhuriyat Tshad
local short form Tchad/Tshad

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 TD
ISO Numeric 148
ISO3 TCD
FIPS CD
ccTLD td
English Chad

Administrative divisions :

18 regions (regions, singular - region); Batha, Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti, Chari-Baguirmi, Guera, Hadjer-Lamis, Kanem, Lac, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mandoul, Mayo-Kebbi Est, Mayo-Kebbi Ouest, Moyen-Chari, Ouaddai, Salamat, Tandjile, Ville de N'Djamena, Wadi Fira 

Capital :

name N'Djamena
geographic coordinates 12 06 N, 15 02 E
time difference 1.00

International organization participation :

ACCT ACP
AU AfDB
BDEAC CEMAC
FAO FZ
G-77 IAEA
IBRD ICAO
ICCt ICRM
IDA IDB
IFAD IFC
IFRCS ILO
IMF IOC
ITSO ITU
ITUC Interpol
MIGA NAM
OIC OIF
OPCW UN
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNIDO UNOCI
UNWTO UPU
WCO WFTU
WHO WIPO
WMO WTO

Independence :

1960-08-11 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1960-08-11

Executive branch :

President Idriss DEBY Itno Prime Minister Youssof Saleh ABBAS

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 15 850 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 6 974 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate -1.00 %
PPP - per capita 1 500 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 57.20 %
industry 7.50 %
services 35.30 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 80.00 %
services 20.00 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 4 293 000 people
Population below poverty line 80.00 %
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 6.00 %
Investment (gross fixed) 14.90 % of GDP
Current account balance - 1 843 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 820 000 000 $
Debt external 1 600 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 4 500 000 000 $
Military expenditures 4.20 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 2.60 %
highest 10% 30.80 %

Budget :

revenues 872 500 000 $
expenditures 1 454 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

camels cassava
cattle cotton
goats millet
peanuts potatoes
rice sheep
sorghum

Industries :

brewing carbonate
cigarettes construction materials
cotton textiles meatpacking
natron oil
soap

Energy :

Electricity Production 100 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 93 000 000 kWh
Oil Production 127 000 bbl/day
Oil Consumption 1 000 bbl/day
Oil Exports 157 900 bbl/day
Oil Imports 1 571 bbl/day
Oil Proved reserves 1 500 000 000 bbl

Value :

3 164 000 000 $

Partners :

United States (us) 90.10 %
Tawian 2.90 %
Japan (jp) 2.20 %

Commodities :

cattle cotton
gum arabic oil

Value :

2 115 000 000 $

Commodities :

foodstuffs industrial products
machinery and transportation equipment textiles

Currency-name :

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 13 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 1 809 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 4
Television broadcast stations 1
Internet Country code (ccTLD) td
Internet Hosts 5
Internet Users 130 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 8
Pipelines - oil 250 km
Roadways - total 33 400 km
Roadways - paved 267 km
Roadways - unpaved 33 133 km

Photos

=  
Powered by Google App Engine  | Photos provided by Panoramio Logo are under the copyright of their owners   | 
♦ geognos.com ©®™2010 ♦ Visualizations by Google Visualization API  | Dynamic maps by Google Maps API v3  | Dynamic translations by Google AJAX Language API