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Niger

X

Background :

Niger became independent from France in 1960 and experienced single-party and military rule until 1991, when Gen. Ali SAIBOU was forced by public pressure to allow multiparty elections, which resulted in a democratic government in 1993. Political infighting brought the government to a standstill and in 1996 led to a coup by Col. Ibrahim BARE. In 1999, BARE was killed in a counter coup by military officers who promptly restored democratic rule and held elections that brought Mamadou TANDJA to power in December of that year. TANDJA was reelected in 2004 and in 2009 spear-headed a constituational amendment that would allow him to extend his term as president. Niger is one of the poorest countries in the world with minimal government services and insufficient funds to develop its resource base. The largely agrarian and subsistence-based economy is frequently disrupted by extended droughts common to the Sahel region of Africa. A predominately Tuareg ethnic group emerged in February 2007, the Nigerien Movement for Justice (MNJ), and attacked several military targets in Niger's northern region throughout 2007 and 2008. Successful government offensives in 2009 limited the rebels' operational capabilities. 

Location :

Western Africa, southeast of Algeria 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

16 00 N, 8 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 0.17
North 23.53
East 16.00
South 11.70

Area :

total 1 267 000 square km
land 1 266 700 square km
water 300 square km

Land boundaries :

total 5 697 km
Algeria (dz) 956 km
Benin (bj) 266 km
Burkina Faso (bf) 628 km
Chad (td) 1 175 km
Libya (ly) 354 km
Mali (ml) 821 km
Nigeria (ng) 1 497 km

Coastline :

0.00 km

Climate :

desert; mostly hot, dry, dusty; tropical in extreme south 

Terrain :

predominately desert plains and sand dunes; flat to rolling plains in south; hills in north 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 200 metres
highest point 2 022 metres

Natural resources :

coal gold
gypsum iron ore
molybdenum petroleum
phosphates salt
tin uranium

Land use :

arable land 11.43 %
permanent crops 0.01 %
other 88.56 %

Irrigated land :

730 square km

current issues :

overgrazing; soil erosion; deforestation; desertification; wildlife populations (such as elephant, hippopotamus, giraffe, and lion) threatened because of poaching and habitat destruction 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Environmental Modification
Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea
Ozone Layer Protection Wetlands

Population :

15 306 252 

Indicators :

Growth rate 3.68 %
Birth rate 51.60 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 7.75 children born/woman
Death rate 14.83 deaths/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 49.60 %
15-64 years 48.00 %
65 years and over 2.30 %

Median age :

total 15.20 years
male 14.90 years
female 15.40 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.81 male(s)/female
total population 1.00 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 116.66 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 52.60 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 51.39 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 53.85 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.80 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 60 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 4 000

Religions :

Muslim 80.00 %
other 20.00 %

Languages :

French  
Hausa  
Djerma  

Literacy :

total population 28.70 %
male 42.90 %
female 15.10 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Niger
conventional short form Niger
local long form Republique du Niger
local short form Niger

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 NE
ISO Numeric 562
ISO3 NER
FIPS NG
ccTLD ne
English Niger

Administrative divisions :

8 regions (regions, singular - region) includes 1 capital district* (communite urbaine); Agadez, Diffa, Dosso, Maradi, Niamey*, Tahoua, Tillaberi, Zinder 

Capital :

name Niamey
geographic coordinates 13 31 N, 2 07 E
time difference 1.00

International organization participation :

ACP AU
AfDB ECOWAS
Entente FAO
FZ G-77
IAEA IBRD
ICAO ICCt
ICRM IDA
IDB IFAD
IFC IFRCS
ILO IMF
IOC IOM
ITSO ITU
ITUC Interpol
MONUC NAM
OIC OIF
OPCW UN
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNIDO UNMIL
UNOCI UNWTO
UPU WADB (regional)
WAEMU WCO
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO

Independence :

1960-08-03 

National holiday :

Republic Day

1958-12-18

Executive branch :

President Mamadou TANDJA Prime Minister Ali Badjo GAMATIE

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 10 750 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 5 323 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate 3.20 %
PPP - per capita 700 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 39.00 %
industry 17.00 %
services 44.00 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 90.00 %
industry 6.00 %
services 4.00 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 4 688 000 people
Population below poverty line 63.00 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 50.50
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.10 %
Current account balance - 321 000 000 $
Debt external 2 100 000 000 $
Military expenditures 1.30 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 2.30 %
highest 10% 35.70 %

Budget :

revenues 320 000 000 $
expenditures 320 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

camels cassava
cattle cotton
cowpeas donkeys
goats horses
millet peanuts
poultry rice
sheep sorghum

Industries :

brick cement
chemicals food processing
slaughterhouses soap
textiles uranium mining

Energy :

Electricity Production 150 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 589 500 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 450 000 000 kWh
Oil Consumption 6 000 bbl/day
Oil Imports 5 367 bbl/day

Value :

428 000 000 $

Commodities :

cowpeas livestock
onions uranium ore

Value :

800 000 000 $

Commodities :

cereals foodstuffs
machinery petroleum
vehicles and parts

Currency-name :

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 24 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 1 677 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 6
Television broadcast stations 5
Internet Country code (ccTLD) ne
Internet Hosts 253
Internet Users 80 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 10
Roadways - total 18 550 km
Roadways - paved 3 803 km
Roadways - unpaved 14 747 km
Waterways 300 km

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