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Tajikistan

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Background :

The Tajik people came under Russian rule in the 1860s and 1870s, but Russia's hold on Central Asia weakened following the Revolution of 1917. Bolshevik control of the area was fiercely contested and not fully reestablished until 1925. Much of present-day Sughd province was transferred from the Uzbek SSR to the newly formed Tajik SSR in 1929. Ethnic Uzbeks form a substantial minority in Sughd province. Tajikistan became independent in 1991 following the breakup of the Soviet Union, and experienced a civil war between regional factions from 1992-97. There have been no major security incidents in recent years, although the country remains the poorest in the former Soviet sphere. Attention by the international community since the beginning of the NATO intervention in Afghanistan has brought increased economic development and security assistance, which could create jobs and strengthen stability in the long term. Tajikistan is in the early stages of seeking World Trade Organization membership and has joined NATO's Partnership for Peace. 

Location :

Central Asia, west of China 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

39 00 N, 71 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 67.39
North 41.04
East 75.14
South 36.67

Area :

total 143 100 square km
land 141 510 square km
water 2 590 square km

Land boundaries :

total 3 651 km
Afghanistan (af) 1 206 km
China (cn) 414 km
Kyrgyzstan (kg) 870 km
Uzbekistan (uz) 1 161 km

Coastline :

0.00 km

Climate :

midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains 

Terrain :

Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 300 metres
highest point 7 495 metres

Natural resources :

antimony gold
hydropower lead
lignite mercury
silver some petroleum
tungsten uranium
zinc

Land use :

arable land 6.52 %
permanent crops 0.89 %
other 92.59 %

Irrigated land :

7 220 square km

Natural hazards :

earthquakes floods

current issues :

inadequate sanitation facilities; increasing levels of soil salinity; industrial pollution; excessive pesticides 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Environmental Modification Ozone Layer Protection
Wetlands

Population :

7 349 145 

Indicators :

Growth rate 1.88 %
Birth rate 26.90 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 2.99 children born/woman
Death rate 6.83 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate -1.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 34.30 %
15-64 years 62.10 %
65 years and over 3.60 %

Median age :

total 21.90 years
male 21.50 years
female 22.40 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.98 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.74 male(s)/female
total population 0.99 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 41.03 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 65.33 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 62.29 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 68.52 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.30 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 10 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 500

Religions :

Sunni Muslim 85.00 %
Shia Muslim 5.00 %
other 10.00 %

Languages :

Tajik  
Russian widely used in government  

Literacy :

total population 99.50 %
male 99.70 %
female 99.20 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Tajikistan
conventional short form Tajikistan
local long form Jumhurii Tojikiston
local short form Tojikiston
former Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 TJ
ISO Numeric 762
ISO3 TJK
FIPS TI
ccTLD tj
English Tajikistan

Administrative divisions :

2 provinces (viloyatho, singular - viloyat) and 1 autonomous province* (viloyati mukhtor); Viloyati Khatlon (Qurghonteppa), Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni Badakhshon* [Gorno-Badakhshan] (Khorugh), Viloyati Sughd (Khujand)| 

Capital :

name Dushanbe
geographic coordinates 38 35 N, 68 48 E
time difference 5.00

International organization participation :

ADB CICA
CIS CSTO
EAEC EAPC
EBRD ECO
FAO GCTU
IAEA IBRD
ICAO ICCt
ICRM IDA
IDB IFAD
IFC IFRCS
ILO IMF
IOC IOM
IPU ISO (correspondent)
ITSO ITU
Interpol MIGA
NAM (observer) OIC
OPCW OSCE
PFP SCO
UN UNCTAD
UNESCO UNIDO
UNWTO UPU
WCO WFTU
WHO WIPO
WMO WTO (observer)

Independence :

1991-09-09 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1991-09-09

Executive branch :

President Emomali RAHMON Prime Minister Oqil OQILOV

Legislative branch :

PDPT 74.90 %
CPT 13.60 %
Islamic Revival Party 8.90 %
other 2.50 %

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 13 800 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 4 741 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate 3.40 %
PPP - per capita 1 800 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 18.90 %
industry 21.90 %
services 59.20 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 49.80 %
industry 12.80 %
services 37.40 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 2 100 000 people
Unemployment rate 2.20 %
Population below poverty line 60.00 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 32.60
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 6.40 %
Investment (gross fixed) 5.00 % of GDP
Current account balance - 288 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 214 000 000 $
Debt external 1 691 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 12 710 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 112 400 000 000 $
Military expenditures 3.90 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 3.30 %
highest 10% 25.60 %

Budget :

revenues 1 220 000 000 $
expenditures 1 200 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

cattle cotton
fruits goats
grain grapes
sheep vegetables

Industries :

aluminum cement
chemicals fertilizer
freezers lead
metal cutting machine tools refrigerators
vegetable oil zinc

Energy :

Electricity Production 16 100 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 16 700 000 000 kWh
Electricity Exports 1 000 000 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 667 800 000 kWh
Oil Production 238 bbl/day
Oil Consumption 36 000 bbl/day
Oil Exports 348 bbl/day
Oil Imports 10 100 bbl/day
Oil Proved reserves 12 000 000 bbl
Natural gas Production 16 100 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Consumption 266 100 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Imports 250 000 000 cubic metres
Electricity Exports 5 663 000 000 cubic metres

Value :

1 000 000 000 $

Commodities :

aluminum cotton
electricity fruits
textiles vegetable oil

Value :

2 908 000 000 $

Commodities :

aluminum oxide electricity
foodstuffs machinery and equipment
petroleum products

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 360 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 3 500 000
Television broadcast stations 24
Internet Country code (ccTLD) tj
Internet Hosts 987
Internet Users 600 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 18
Pipelines - gas 549 km
Pipelines - oil 38 km
Roadways - total 27 767 km
Railways 680 km
Waterways 200 km

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