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Argentina

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Background :

In 1816, the United Provinces of the Rio Plata declared their independence from Spain. After Bolivia, Paraguay, and Uruguay went their separate ways, the area that remained became Argentina. The country's population and culture were heavily shaped by immigrants from throughout Europe, but most particularly Italy and Spain, which provided the largest percentage of newcomers from 1860 to 1930. Up until about the mid-20th century, much of Argentina's history was dominated by periods of internal political conflict between Federalists and Unitarians and between civilian and military factions. After World War II, an era of Peronist populism and direct and indirect military interference in subsequent governments was followed by a military junta that took power in 1976. Democracy returned in 1983 after a failed bid to seize the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands by force, and has persisted despite numerous challenges, the most formidable of which was a severe economic crisis in 2001-02 that led to violent public protests and the successive resignations of several presidents. 

Location :

Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Chile and Uruguay 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

34 00 S, 64 00 W  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West -73.58
North -21.78
East -53.59
South -55.06

Area :

total 2 780 400 square km
land 2 736 690 square km
water 43 710 square km

Land boundaries :

total 9 861 km
Bolivia (bo) 832 km
Brazil (br) 1 261 km
Chile (cl) 5 308 km
Paraguay (py) 1 880 km
Uruguay (uy) 580 km

Coastline :

4989.00 km

Climate :

mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in southwest 

Terrain :

rich plains of the Pampas in northern half, flat to rolling plateau of Patagonia in south, rugged Andes along western border 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 105 metres

Natural resources :

copper fertile plains of the pampas
iron ore lead
manganese petroleum
tin uranium
zinc

Land use :

arable land 10.03 %
permanent crops 0.36 %
other 89.61 %

Irrigated land :

15 500 square km

Natural hazards :

earthquakes heavy flooding
windstorms

current issues :

environmental problems (urban and rural) typical of an industrializing economy such as deforestation, soil degradation, desertification, air pollution, and water pollution| 

international agreements :

Antarctic Seals Antarctic Treaty
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol Antarctic-Marine Living Resources
Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Environmental Modification
Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea
Marine Dumping Marine Life Conservation
Ozone Layer Protection Ship Pollution
Wetlands Whaling

Population :

40 913 584 

Indicators :

Growth rate 1.05 %
Birth rate 17.94 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 2.35 children born/woman
Death rate 7.41 deaths/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 25.60 %
15-64 years 63.50 %
65 years and over 10.80 %

Median age :

total 30.00 years
male 29.00 years
female 31.00 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.00 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.70 male(s)/female
total population 0.97 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 11.44 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 76.56 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 73.32 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 79.97 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.50 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 120 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 7 000

Religions :

Roman Catholic 92.00 %
Protestant 2.00 %
Jewish 2.00 %
other 4.00 %

Languages :

Spanish  
Italian  
English  
German  
French  

Literacy :

total population 97.20 %
male 97.20 %
female 97.20 %

Country name :

conventional long form Argentine Republic
conventional short form Argentina
local long form Republica Argentina
local short form Argentina

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 AR
ISO Numeric 32
ISO3 ARG
FIPS AR
ccTLD ar
English Argentina

Administrative divisions :

23 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) and 1 autonomous city* (distrito federal); Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires Capital Federal*, Catamarca, Chaco, Chubut, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Misiones, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, Tierra del Fuego - Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur, Tucuman| 

Capital :

name Buenos Aires
geographic coordinates 34 36 S, 58 40 W
time difference -3.00
daylight saving time 1

International organization participation :

AfDB (nonregional members) Australia Group
BCIE BIS
CAN (associate) FAO
FATF G-15
G-20 G-24
G-77 IADB
IAEA IBRD
ICAO ICC
ICCt ICRM
IDA IFAD
IFC IFRCS
IHO ILO
IMF IMO
IMSO IOC
IOM IPU
ISO ITSO
ITU ITUC
Interpol LAES
LAIA MIGA
MINURSO MINUSTAH
Mercosur NSG
OAS OPANAL
OPCW PCA
Paris Club (associate) RG
SICA (observer) UN
UNASUR UNCTAD
UNESCO UNFICYP
UNHCR UNIDO
UNTSO UNWTO
UPU Union Latina (observer)
WCO WFTU
WHO WIPO
WMO WTO
ZC

Independence :

1816-07-09 

National holiday :

Revolution Day

1810-05-25

Executive branch :

President Cristina FERNANDEZ DE KIRCHNER

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 558 000 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 301 300 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate -2.50 %
PPP - per capita 13 800 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 8.50 %
industry 32.20 %
services 59.30 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 1.00 %
industry 23.00 %
services 76.00 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 16 379 999 people
Unemployment rate 9.60 %
Population below poverty line 13.90 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 49.00
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 6.20 %
Investment (gross fixed) 20.50 % of GDP
Current account balance 14 430 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 7 600 000 000 $
Debt external 108 600 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 29 550 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 79 540 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 52 310 000 000 $
Military expenditures 1.30 % of GDP
Public debt 49.10 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 1.00 %
highest 10% 35.00 %

Budget :

revenues 80 300 000 000 $
expenditures 84 300 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

corn grapes
lemons livestock
peanuts soya
sunflower seed tea
tobacco wheat

Industries :

chemicals consumer durables
food processing metallurgy
motor vehicles petrochemicals
printing steel
textiles

Energy :

Electricity Production 109 500 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 99 210 000 000 kWh
Electricity Exports 2 628 000 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 10 280 000 000 kWh
Oil Production 792 300 bbl/day
Oil Consumption 610 000 bbl/day
Oil Exports 314 400 bbl/day
Oil Imports 52 290 bbl/day
Oil Proved reserves 2 616 000 000 bbl
Natural gas Production 44 060 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Consumption 44 470 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Exports 890 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Imports 1 300 000 000 cubic metres
Electricity Exports 441 700 000 000 cubic metres

Value :

58 870 000 000 $

Commodities :

corn petroleum and gas
soybeans vehicles
wheat

Value :

37 610 000 000 $

Commodities :

machinery motor vehicles
organic chemicals petroleum and natural gas
plastics

Currency-name :

Argentine peso 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 9 631 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 46 509 000
Television broadcast stations 42
Internet Country code (ccTLD) ar
Internet Hosts 4 906 000
Internet Users 11 212 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 156
Heliports 2
Pipelines - gas 28 248 km
Pipelines - oil 5 977 km
Pipelines - refined products 3 636 km
Pipelines - liquid petroleum gas 41 km
Roadways - total 231 374 km
Roadways - expressways 734 km
Roadways - paved 69 412 km
Roadways - unpaved 161 962 km
Railways 31 409 km
Waterways 11 000 km

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