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Chile

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Background :

Prior to the coming of the Spanish in the 16th century, northern Chile was under Inca rule while the indigenous Mapuche inhabited central and southern Chile. Although Chile declared its independence in 1810, decisive victory over the Spanish was not achieved until 1818. In the War of the Pacific (1879-83), Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia and won its present northern regions. It was not until the 1880s that the Mapuche Indians were completely subjugated. After a series of elected governments, a three-year-old Marxist government of Salvador ALLENDE was overthrown in 1973 by a military coup led by Augusto PINOCHET, who ruled until a freely elected president was installed in 1990. Sound economic policies, maintained consistently since the 1980s, have contributed to steady growth, reduced poverty rates by over half, and have helped secure the country's commitment to democratic and representative government. Chile has increasingly assumed regional and international leadership roles befitting its status as a stable, democratic nation. 

Location :

Southern South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Argentina and Peru 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

30 00 S, 71 00 W  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West -109.46
North -17.51
East -66.42
South -55.92

Area :

total 756 102 square km
land 743 812 square km
water 12 290 square km

Land boundaries :

total 6 339 km
Argentina (ar) 5 308 km
Bolivia (bo) 860 km
Peru (pe) 171 km

Coastline :

6435.00 km

Climate :

temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region; cool and damp in south 

Terrain :

low coastal mountains; fertile central valley; rugged Andes in east 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 0 metres
highest point 6 880 metres

Natural resources :

copper hydropower
iron ore molybdenum
nitrates precious metals
timber

Land use :

arable land 2.62 %
permanent crops 0.43 %
other 96.95 %

Irrigated land :

19 000 square km

Natural hazards :

active volcanism earthquakes
tsunamis

current issues :

widespread deforestation and mining threaten natural resources; air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from raw sewage 

international agreements :

Antarctic Seals Antarctic Treaty
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol Antarctic-Marine Living Resources
Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Environmental Modification
Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea
Marine Dumping Ozone Layer Protection
Ship Pollution Wetlands
Whaling

Population :

16 601 707 

Indicators :

Growth rate 0.88 %
Birth rate 14.64 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 1.92 children born/woman
Death rate 5.84 deaths/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 23.20 %
15-64 years 67.80 %
65 years and over 9.10 %

Median age :

total 31.40 years
male 30.40 years
female 32.40 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.00 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.72 male(s)/female
total population 0.98 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 7.71 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 77.34 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 74.07 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 80.77 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.30 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 31 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 1 100

Religions :

Roman Catholic 70.00 %
Evangelical 15.10 %
Jehovah's Witness 1.10 %
other Christian 1.00 %
other 4.60 %
none 8.30 %

Languages :

Spanish  
Mapudungun  
German  
English  

Literacy :

total population 95.70 %
male 95.80 %
female 95.60 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Chile
conventional short form Chile
local long form Republica de Chile
local short form Chile

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 CL
ISO Numeric 152
ISO3 CHL
FIPS CI
ccTLD cl
English Chile

Administrative divisions :

15 regions (regiones, singular - region); Aisen del General Carlos Ibanez del Campo, Antofagasta, Araucania, Arica y Parinacota, Atacama, Biobio, Coquimbo, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins, Los Lagos, Los Rios, Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena, Maule, Region Metropolitana (Santiago), Tarapaca, Valparaiso| 

Capital :

name Santiago
geographic coordinates 33 27 S, 70 40 W
time difference -4.00
daylight saving time 1

International organization participation :

APEC BIS
CAN (associate) FAO
G-15 G-77
IADB IAEA
IBRD ICAO
ICC ICCt
ICCt (signatory) ICRM
IDA IFAD
IFC IFRCS
IHO ILO
IMF IMO
IMSO IOC
IOM IPU
ISO ITSO
ITU ITUC
Interpol LAES
LAIA MIGA
MINUSTAH Mercosur (associate)
NAM OAS
OECD (accession state) OPANAL
OPCW PCA
RG SICA (observer)
UN UNASUR
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNHCR UNIDO
UNMOGIP UNTSO
UNWTO UPU
Union Latina WCO
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO

Independence :

1810-09-18 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1810-09-18

Executive branch :

President Michelle BACHELET Jeria

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 244 300 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 150 400 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate -1.50 %
PPP - per capita 14 700 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 4.80 %
industry 50.50 %
services 44.70 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 13.20 %
industry 23.00 %
services 63.90 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 7 420 000 people
Unemployment rate 10.00 %
Population below poverty line 18.20 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 54.90
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.70 %
Investment (gross fixed) 20.50 % of GDP
Current account balance - 50 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 25 400 000 000 $
Debt external 60 900 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 32 070 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 115 000 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 132 400 000 000 $
Military expenditures 2.70 % of GDP
Public debt 9.00 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 1.60 %
highest 10% 41.70 %

Budget :

revenues 31 310 000 000 $
expenditures 37 870 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

apples asparagus
beans beef
corn fish
garlic grapes
oats onions
peaches pears
poultry timber
wheat wool

Industries :

cement copper
fish processing foodstuffs
iron other minerals
steel textiles
transport equipment wood and wood products

Energy :

Electricity Production 60 600 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 57 290 000 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 1 628 000 000 kWh
Oil Production 11 190 bbl/day
Oil Consumption 277 000 bbl/day
Oil Exports 49 250 bbl/day
Oil Imports 311 200 bbl/day
Oil Proved reserves 150 000 000 bbl
Natural gas Production 1 650 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Consumption 2 340 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Imports 690 000 000 cubic metres
Electricity Exports 97 970 000 000 cubic metres

Value :

48 850 000 000 $

Partners :

China (cn) 14.10 %
United States (us) 11.30 %
Japan (jp) 10.40 %
Brazil (br) 5.90 %
South Korea 5.70 %
Netherlands (nl) 5.20 %
Italy (it) 4.40 %

Commodities :

chemicals copper
fish products fruits
paper and pulp wine

Value :

40 910 000 000 $

Partners :

United States (us) 19.10 %
China (cn) 11.90 %
Brazil (br) 9.20 %
Argentina (ar) 8.80 %
South Korea 5.50 %
Japan (jp) 4.60 %

Commodities :

chemicals electrical and telecommunication equipment
industrial machinery natural gas
petroleum and petroleum products vehicles

Currency-name :

Chilean peso 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 3 526 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 14 797 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 64
Television broadcast stations 63
Internet Country code (ccTLD) cl
Internet Hosts 877 817
Internet Users 5 456 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 81
Pipelines - gas 2 673 km
Pipelines - oil 892 km
Pipelines - refined products 769 km
Pipelines - liquid petroleum gas 519 km
Roadways - total 80 505 km
Roadways - expressways 2 414 km
Roadways - paved 16 745 km
Roadways - unpaved 63 760 km
Railways 5 481 km

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