* βeta

Tunisia

X

Background :

Rivalry between French and Italian interests in Tunisia culminated in a French invasion in 1881 and the creation of a protectorate. Agitation for independence in the decades following World War I was finally successful in getting the French to recognize Tunisia as an independent state in 1956. The country's first president, Habib BOURGUIBA, established a strict one-party state. He dominated the country for 31 years, repressing Islamic fundamentalism and establishing rights for women unmatched by any other Arab nation. In November 1987, BOURGUIBA was removed from office and replaced by Zine el Abidine BEN ALI in a bloodless coup. BEN ALI is currently serving his fifth consecutive five-year term as president. Tunisia has long taken a moderate, non-aligned stance in its foreign relations. Domestically, it has sought to defuse rising pressure for a more open political society. 

Location :

Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Libya 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

34 00 N, 9 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 7.52
North 37.54
East 11.60
South 30.24

Area :

total 163 610 square km
land 155 360 square km
water 8 250 square km

Land boundaries :

total 1 424 km
Algeria (dz) 965 km
Libya (ly) 459 km

Coastline :

1148.00 km

Climate :

temperate in north with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers; desert in south 

Terrain :

mountains in north; hot, dry central plain; semiarid south merges into the Sahara 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 17 metres
highest point 1 544 metres

Natural resources :

iron ore lead
petroleum phosphates
salt zinc

Land use :

arable land 17.05 %
permanent crops 13.08 %
other 69.87 %

Irrigated land :

3 940 square km

current issues :

toxic and hazardous waste disposal is ineffective and poses health risks; water pollution from raw sewage; limited natural fresh water resources; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Environmental Modification
Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea
Marine Dumping Marine Life Conservation
Ozone Layer Protection Ship Pollution
Wetlands

Population :

10 486 339 

Indicators :

Growth rate 0.98 %
Birth rate 15.42 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 1.72 children born/woman
Death rate 5.20 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate -0.41 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 22.70 %
15-64 years 70.10 %
65 years and over 7.20 %

Median age :

total 29.20 years
male 28.70 years
female 29.80 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.07 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.87 male(s)/female
total population 1.01 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 22.57 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 75.78 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 73.98 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 77.70 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.10 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 3 700
HIV-AIDS deaths 200

Religions :

Muslim 98.00 %
Christian 1.00 %
Jewish and other 1.00 %

Languages :

Arabic  
French  

Literacy :

total population 74.30 %
male 83.40 %
female 65.30 %

Country name :

conventional long form Tunisian Republic
conventional short form Tunisia
local long form Al Jumhuriyah at Tunisiyah
local short form Tunis

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 TN
ISO Numeric 788
ISO3 TUN
FIPS TS
ccTLD tn
English Tunisia

Administrative divisions :

24 governorates; Ariana (Aryanah), Beja (Bajah), Ben Arous (Bin 'Arus), Bizerte (Banzart), Gabes (Qabis), Gafsa (Qafsah), Jendouba (Jundubah), Kairouan (Al Qayrawan), Kasserine (Al Qasrayn), Kebili (Qibili), Kef (Al Kaf), Mahdia (Al Mahdiyah), Manouba (Manubah), Medenine (Madanin), Monastir (Al Munastir), Nabeul (Nabul), Sfax (Safaqis), Sidi Bou Zid (Sidi Bu Zayd), Siliana (Silyanah), Sousse (Susah), Tataouine (Tatawin), Tozeur (Tawzar), Tunis, Zaghouan (Zaghwan) 

Capital :

name Tunis
geographic coordinates 36 48 N, 10 11 E
time difference 1.00
daylight saving time 1

International organization participation :

ABEDA AFESD
AMF AMU
AU AfDB
BSEC (observer) FAO
G-77 IAEA
IBRD ICAO
ICC ICRM
IDA IDB
IFAD IFC
IFRCS IHO
ILO IMF
IMO IMSO
IOC IOM
IPU ISO
ITSO ITU
ITUC Interpol
LAS MIGA
MONUC NAM
OAPEC (suspended) OAS (observer)
OIC OIF
OPCW OSCE (partner)
UN UNCTAD
UNESCO UNHCR
UNIDO UNOCI
UNWTO UPU
WCO WFTU
WHO WIPO
WMO WTO

Independence :

1956-03-20 

National holiday :

Independence Day 1956-03-20
BEN ALIs assumption of the presidency 1987-11-07

Executive branch :

President Zine el Abidine BEN ALI Prime Minister Mohamed GHANNOUCHI

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 83 550 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 39 570 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate 0.70 %
PPP - per capita 8 000 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 11.10 %
industry 34.90 %
services 54.00 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 55.00 %
industry 23.00 %
services 22.00 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 3 730 000 people
Unemployment rate 15.70 %
Population below poverty line 7.40 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 40.00
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.40 %
Investment (gross fixed) 22.50 % of GDP
Current account balance - 1 191 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 8 350 000 000 $
Debt external 18 110 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 177 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 30 790 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 6 374 000 000 $
Military expenditures 1.40 % of GDP
Public debt 53.80 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 2.30 %
highest 10% 31.50 %

Budget :

revenues 8 711 000 000 $
expenditures 11 190 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

almonds beef
citrus dairy
dates grain
olive oil olives
sugar beets tomatoes

Industries :

agricultural products beverages
footwear mining
petroleum phosphate and iron ore
textiles tourism

Energy :

Electricity Production 13 790 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 11 900 000 000 kWh
Electricity Exports 130 000 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 145 000 000 kWh
Oil Production 86 930 bbl/day
Oil Consumption 90 000 bbl/day
Oil Exports 77 130 bbl/day
Oil Imports 87 300 bbl/day
Oil Proved reserves 425 000 000 bbl
Natural gas Production 2 970 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Consumption 4 219 999 999 cubic metres
Natural gas Imports 1 250 000 000 cubic metres
Electricity Exports 65 129 999 999 cubic metres

Value :

13 390 000 000 $

Partners :

France (fr) 27.80 %
Italy (it) 17.60 %
Germany (de) 9.40 %
Libya (ly) 5.70 %
Spain (es) 4.90 %

Commodities :

agricultural products clothing
electrical equipment hydrocarbons
mechanical products phosphates and chemicals
semi-finished products and textiles

Value :

17 370 000 000 $

Partners :

France (fr) 21.30 %
Italy (it) 19.20 %
Germany (de) 8.60 %
Libya (ly) 4.60 %
Russia (ru) 4.40 %
Spain (es) 4.40 %

Commodities :

chemicals foodstuffs
hydrocarbons machinery and equipment
textiles

Currency-name :

Tunisian dinar 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 1 239 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 8 569 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 38
Television broadcast stations 26
Internet Country code (ccTLD) tn
Internet Hosts 406
Internet Users 2 800 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 16
Pipelines - gas 2 179 km
Pipelines - oil 1 285 km
Pipelines - refined products 372 km
Roadways - total 19 232 km
Roadways - expressways 262 km
Roadways - paved 12 655 km
Roadways - unpaved 6 577 km
Railways 2 159 km

Photos

=  
Powered by Google App Engine  | Photos provided by Panoramio Logo are under the copyright of their owners   | 
♦ geognos.com ©®™2010 ♦ Visualizations by Google Visualization API  | Dynamic maps by Google Maps API v3  | Dynamic translations by Google AJAX Language API