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Malaysia

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Background :

During the late 18th and 19th centuries, Great Britain established colonies and protectorates in the area of current Malaysia; these were occupied by Japan from 1942 to 1945. In 1948, the British-ruled territories on the Malay Peninsula formed the Federation of Malaya, which became independent in 1957. Malaysia was formed in 1963 when the former British colonies of Singapore and the East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak on the northern coast of Borneo joined the Federation. The first several years of the country's history were marred by a Communist insurgency, Indonesian confrontation with Malaysia, Philippine claims to Sabah, and Singapore's secession from the Federation in 1965. During the 22-year term of Prime Minister MAHATHIR bin Mohamad (1981-2003), Malaysia was successful in diversifying its economy from dependence on exports of raw materials to expansion in manufacturing, services, and tourism. 

Location :

Southeastern Asia, peninsula bordering Thailand and northern one-third of the island of Borneo, bordering Indonesia, Brunei, and the South China Sea, south of Vietnam 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

2 30 N, 112 30 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 99.64
North 7.36
East 119.27
South 0.86

Area :

total 329 847 square km
land 328 657 square km
water 1 190 square km

Land boundaries :

total 2 669 km
Brunei (bn) 381 km
Indonesia (id) 1 782 km
Thailand (th) 506 km

Coastline :

4675.00 km

Climate :

tropical; annual southwest (April to October) and northeast (October to February) monsoons 

Terrain :

coastal plains rising to hills and mountains 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 0 metres
highest point 4 100 metres

Natural resources :

bauxite copper
iron ore natural gas
petroleum timber
tin

Land use :

arable land 5.46 %
permanent crops 17.54 %
other 77.00 %

Irrigated land :

3 650 square km

Natural hazards :

flooding lides

current issues :

air pollution from industrial and vehicular emissions; water pollution from raw sewage; deforestation; smoke/haze from Indonesian forest fires 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes
Law of the Sea Marine Life Conservation
Ozone Layer Protection Ship Pollution
Tropical Timber 83 Tropical Timber 94
Wetlands

Population :

25 715 819 

Indicators :

Growth rate 1.72 %
Birth rate 22.24 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 2.95 children born/woman
Death rate 5.02 deaths/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 31.40 %
15-64 years 63.60 %
65 years and over 5.00 %

Median age :

total 24.90 years
male 24.30 years
female 25.60 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.79 male(s)/female
total population 1.01 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 15.87 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 73.29 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 70.56 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 76.21 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.50 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 80 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 3 900

Religions :

Muslim 60.40 %
Buddhist 19.20 %
Christian 9.10 %
Hindu 6.30 %
other 1.50 %
none 0.80 %

Languages :

Bahasa Malaysia  
English  
Chinese  
Tamil  
Telugu  
Malayalam  
Punjabi  
Thai|  

Literacy :

total population 88.70 %
male 92.00 %
female 85.40 %

Country name :

conventional short form Malaysia
local short form Malaysia
former Federation of Malaya

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 MY
ISO Numeric 458
ISO3 MYS
FIPS MY
ccTLD my
English Malaysia

Administrative divisions :

13 states (negeri-negeri, singular - negeri) Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, and Terengganu; and 1 federal territory (Wilayah Persekutuan) with three components, city of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan, and Putrajaya 

Capital :

name Kuala Lumpur
geographic coordinates 3 10 N, 101 42 E
time difference 8.00

International organization participation :

ADB APEC
APT ARF
ASEAN BIS
C CICA (observer)
CP D-8
EAS FAO
G-15 G-77
IAEA IBRD
ICAO ICC
ICRM IDA
IDB IFAD
IFC IFRCS
IHO ILO
IMF IMO
IMSO IOC
IPU ISO
ITSO ITU
ITUC Interpol
MIGA MINURSO
MONUC NAM
OIC OPCW
PCA PIF (partner)
UN UNAMID
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNIDO UNIFIL
UNMIL UNMIS
UNMIT UNWTO
UPU WCO
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO

Independence :

1957-08-31 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1957-08-31

Executive branch :

King - Sultan MIZAN Zainal Abidin Prime Minister Mohamed NAJIB bin Abdul Razak

Legislative branch :

others 2.90 %

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 378 900 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 207 400 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate -2.80 %
PPP - per capita 14 700 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 10.10 %
industry 42.30 %
services 47.60 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 13.00 %
industry 36.00 %
services 51.00 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 11 290 000 people
Unemployment rate 5.00 %
Population below poverty line 5.10 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 46.10
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.40 %
Investment (gross fixed) 18.20 % of GDP
Current account balance 27 760 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 98 020 000 000 $
Debt external 48 260 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 70 700 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 86 430 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 187 100 000 000 $
Military expenditures 2.03 % of GDP
Public debt 47.80 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 2.60 %
highest 10% 28.50 %

Budget :

revenues 44 600 000 000 $
expenditures 60 720 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

Sarawak - rubber cocoa
coconuts palm oil
pepper rice
rice rubber
rubber timber
timber

Industries :

electronics light manufacturing
logging rubber and oil palm processing and manufacturing
timber processing tin mining and smelting

Energy :

Electricity Production 103 200 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 99 250 000 000 kWh
Electricity Exports 2 268 000 000 kWh
Oil Production 727 200 bbl/day
Oil Consumption 547 000 bbl/day
Oil Exports 511 900 bbl/day
Oil Imports 314 600 bbl/day
Oil Proved reserves 4 000 000 000 bbl
Natural gas Production 57 300 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Consumption 26 270 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Exports 31 030 000 000 cubic metres
Electricity Exports 2 350 000 000 000 cubic metres

Value :

156 400 000 000 $

Commodities :

chemicals electronic equipment
palm oil petroleum and liquefied natural gas
rubber textiles
wood and wood products

Value :

119 500 000 000 $

Partners :

China (cn) 13.90 %
Japan (jp) 12.50 %
United States (us) 11.20 %
Singapore (sg) 11.10 %
Thailand (th) 6.00 %
Indonesia (id) 5.30 %
South Korea 4.60 %
Germany (de) 4.20 %
Tawian 4.20 %

Commodities :

chemicals electronics
iron and steel products machinery
petroleum products plastics
vehicles

Currency-name :

ringgit 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 4 292 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 27 125 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 391
Television broadcast stations 88
Internet Country code (ccTLD) my
Internet Hosts 362 968
Internet Users 16 903 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 38
Heliports 2
Pipelines - gas 1 965 km
Pipelines - oil 31 km
Pipelines - condensate 3 km
Pipelines - refined products 114 km
Roadways - total 98 721 km
Roadways - expressways 1 821 km
Roadways - paved 80 280 km
Roadways - unpaved 18 441 km
Railways 1 849 km
Waterways 7 200 km

Photos

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