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Thailand

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Background :

A unified Thai kingdom was established in the mid-14th century. Known as Siam until 1939, Thailand is the only Southeast Asian country never to have been taken over by a European power. A bloodless revolution in 1932 led to a constitutional monarchy. In alliance with Japan during World War II, Thailand became a US treaty ally following the conflict. A military coup in September 2006 ousted then Prime Minister THAKSIN Chinnawat. The interim government held elections in December 2007 that saw the former pro-THAKSIN People's Power Party (PPP) emerge at the head of a coalition government. The anti-THAKSIN People's Alliance for Democracy (PAD) in May 2008 began street demonstrations against the new government, eventually occupying the prime minister's office in August. Clashes in October 2008 between PAD protesters blocking parliament and police resulted in the death of at least two people. The PAD occupied Bangkok's two international airports briefly, ending their protests in early December 2008 following a court ruling that dissolved the ruling PPP and two other coalition parties for election violations. The Democrat Party then formed a new coalition government with the support of some of THAKSIN's former political allies, and ABHISIT Wetchachiwa became prime minister. Since January 2004, thousands have been killed as separatists in Thailand's southern ethnic Malay-Muslim provinces increased the violence associated with their cause. 

Location :

Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, southeast of Burma 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

15 00 N, 100 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 97.35
North 20.46
East 105.64
South 5.61

Area :

total 513 120 square km
land 510 890 square km
water 2 230 square km

Land boundaries :

total 4 863 km
Burma 1 800 km
Cambodia (kh) 803 km
Laos (la) 1 754 km
Malaysia (my) 506 km

Coastline :

3219.00 km

Climate :

tropical; rainy, warm, cloudy southwest monsoon (mid-May to September); dry, cool northeast monsoon (November to mid-March); southern isthmus always hot and humid 

Terrain :

central plain; Khorat Plateau in the east; mountains elsewhere 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 0 metres
highest point 2 576 metres

Natural resources :

arable land fish
fluorspar gypsum
lead lignite
natural gas rubber
tantalum timber
tin tungsten

Land use :

arable land 27.54 %
permanent crops 6.93 %
other 65.53 %

Irrigated land :

49 860 square km

current issues :

air pollution from vehicle emissions; water pollution from organic and factory wastes; deforestation; soil erosion; wildlife populations threatened by illegal hunting 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes
Law of the Sea Marine Life Conservation
Ozone Layer Protection Tropical Timber 83
Tropical Timber 94 Wetlands

Population :

65 998 436 

Indicators :

Growth rate 0.63 %
Birth rate 13.38 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 1.65 children born/woman
Death rate 7.12 deaths/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 20.80 %
15-64 years 70.50 %
65 years and over 8.70 %

Median age :

total 33.30 years
male 32.40 years
female 34.20 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.98 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.83 male(s)/female
total population 0.98 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 17.48 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 73.10 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 70.77 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 75.55 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 1.40 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 610 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 30 000

Religions :

Buddhist 94.60 %
Muslim 4.60 %
Christian 0.70 %
other 0.10 %

Languages :

Thai  
English  

Literacy :

total population 92.60 %
male 94.90 %
female 90.50 %

Country name :

conventional long form Kingdom of Thailand
conventional short form Thailand
local long form Ratcha Anachak Thai
local short form Prathet Thai
former Siam

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 TH
ISO Numeric 764
ISO3 THA
FIPS TH
ccTLD th
English Thailand

Administrative divisions :

76 provinces (changwat, singular and plural); Amnat Charoen, Ang Thong, Buriram, Chachoengsao, Chai Nat, Chaiyaphum, Chanthaburi, Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Chon Buri, Chumphon, Kalasin, Kamphaeng Phet, Kanchanaburi, Khon Kaen, Krabi, Krung Thep Mahanakhon (Bangkok), Lampang, Lamphun, Loei, Lop Buri, Mae Hong Son, Maha Sarakham, Mukdahan, Nakhon Nayok, Nakhon Pathom, Nakhon Phanom, Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Sawan, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Nan, Narathiwat, Nong Bua Lamphu, Nong Khai, Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Pattani, Phangnga, Phatthalung, Phayao, Phetchabun, Phetchaburi, Phichit, Phitsanulok, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Phrae, Phuket, Prachin Buri, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Ranong, Ratchaburi, Rayong, Roi Et, Sa Kaeo, Sakon Nakhon, Samut Prakan, Samut Sakhon, Samut Songkhram, Sara Buri, Satun, Sing Buri, Sisaket, Songkhla, Sukhothai, Suphan Buri, Surat Thani, Surin, Tak, Trang, Trat, Ubon Ratchathani, Udon Thani, Uthai Thani, Uttaradit, Yala, Yasothon 

Capital :

name Bangkok
geographic coordinates 13 45 N, 100 31 E
time difference 7.00

International organization participation :

ADB APEC
APT ARF
ASEAN BIMSTEC
BIS CICA
CP EAS
FAO G-77
IAEA IBRD
ICAO ICC
ICCt (signatory) ICRM
IDA IFAD
IFC IFRCS
IHO ILO
IMF IMO
IMSO IOC
IOM IPU
ISO ITSO
ITU ITUC
Interpol MIGA
NAM OAS (observer)
OIC (observer) OIF (observer)
OPCW OSCE (partner)
PCA PIF (partner)
UN UNAMID
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNHCR UNIDO
UNMIS UNWTO
UPU WCO
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO

National holiday :

Birthday of King PHUMIPHON

1927-12-05

Executive branch :

King PHUMIPHON Adunyadet, also spelled BHUMIBOL Adulyadej Prime Minister ABHISIT Wetchachiwa, also spelled ABHISIT Vejjajiva

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 539 700 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 266 399 999 999
RGR - Real Growth rate -2.80 %
PPP - per capita 8 100 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 12.30 %
industry 44.00 %
services 43.70 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 42.40 %
industry 19.70 %
services 37.90 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 38 240 000 people
Unemployment rate 1.60 %
Population below poverty line 9.60 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 43.00
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -0.90 %
Investment (gross fixed) 21.00 % of GDP
Current account balance 20 290 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 138 400 000 000 $
Debt external 66 300 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 10 520 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 93 840 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 101 800 000 000 $
Military expenditures 1.80 % of GDP
Public debt 45.90 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 1.60 %
highest 10% 33.70 %

Budget :

revenues 40 900 000 000 $
expenditures 51 500 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

cassava coconuts
corn rice
rubber soya
sugarcane

Industries :

agricultural processing automobiles and automotive parts
beverages cement
computers furniture
garments integrated circuits
light manufacturing such as jewelry and electric appliances parts
plastics textiles
tin and third largest tin producer tobacco
tourism tungsten

Energy :

Electricity Production 148 200 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 134 400 000 000 kWh
Electricity Exports 846 000 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 2 313 000 000 kWh
Oil Production 1 073 000 bbl/day
Oil Consumption 690 400 bbl/day
Oil Exports 269 100 bbl/day
Oil Imports 1 695 000 bbl/day
Oil Proved reserves 441 000 000 bbl
Natural gas Production 28 760 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Consumption 37 310 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Imports 8 550 000 000 cubic metres
Electricity Exports 317 100 000 000 cubic metres

Value :

150 900 000 000 $

Commodities :

automobiles computers and electrical appliances
fishery products jewelry
rice rubber
textiles and footwear

Value :

131 500 000 000 $

Partners :

Japan (jp) 18.70 %
China (cn) 12.70 %
Malaysia (my) 6.40 %
United States (us) 6.30 %
UAE 5.00 %
Singapore (sg) 4.30 %
South Korea 4.10 %

Commodities :

capital products consumer products
fuels intermediate products and raw materials

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 7 024 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 62 000 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 351
Television broadcast stations 111
Internet Country code (ccTLD) th
Internet Hosts 1 231 000
Internet Users 16 100 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 64
Heliports 4
Pipelines - gas 1 348 km
Pipelines - refined products 323 km
Roadways - total 180 053 km
Roadways - expressways 450 km
Railways 4 071 km
Waterways 4 000 km

Photos

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