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Czech Republic

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Background :

Following the First World War, the closely related Czechs and Slovaks of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire merged to form Czechoslovakia. During the interwar years, the new country's leaders were frequently preoccupied with meeting the demands of other ethnic minorities within the republic, most notably the Sudeten Germans and the Ruthenians (Ukrainians). After World War II, a truncated Czechoslovakia fell within the Soviet sphere of influence. In 1968, an invasion by Warsaw Pact troops ended the efforts of the country's leaders to liberalize Communist party rule and create "socialism with a human face." Anti-Soviet demonstrations the following year ushered in a period of harsh repression. With the collapse of Soviet authority in 1989, Czechoslovakia regained its freedom through a peaceful "Velvet Revolution." On 1 January 1993, the country underwent a "velvet divorce" into its two national components, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Czech Republic joined NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004. 

Location :

Central Europe, between Germany, Poland, Slovikia, and Austria 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

49 45 N, 15 30 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 12.09
North 51.05
East 18.85
South 48.58

Area :

total 78 867 square km
land 77 247 square km
water 1 620 square km

Land boundaries :

total 1 989 km
Austria (at) 362 km
Germany (de) 815 km
Poland (pl) 615 km
Slovakia (sk) 197 km

Coastline :

0.00 km

Climate :

temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters 

Terrain :

Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus surrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of very hilly country 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 115 metres
highest point 1 602 metres

Natural resources :

clay graphite
hard coal kaolin
soft coal timber

Land use :

arable land 38.82 %
permanent crops 3.00 %
other 58.18 %

Irrigated land :

240 square km

current issues :

air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia and in northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks; acid rain damaging forests; efforts to bring industry up to EU code should improve domestic pollution 

international agreements :

Air Pollution Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants Air Pollution-Sulfur 85
Air Pollution-Sulfur 94 Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds
Antarctic Treaty Antarctic-Environmental Protocol
Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Environmental Modification
Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea
Ozone Layer Protection Ship Pollution
Wetlands Whaling

Population :

10 211 904 

Indicators :

Growth rate -0.09 %
Birth rate 8.83 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 1.24 children born/woman
Death rate 10.74 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate 0.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 13.60 %
15-64 years 71.00 %
65 years and over 15.50 %

Median age :

total 40.10 years
male 38.60 years
female 41.90 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.65 male(s)/female
total population 0.95 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 3.79 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 76.81 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 73.54 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 80.28 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.10 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 1 500
HIV-AIDS deaths 10

Religions :

Roman Catholic 26.80 %
Protestant 2.10 %
other 3.30 %
unspecified 8.80 %
unaffiliated 59.00 %

Languages :

Czech 94.90 %
Slovak 2.00 %

Literacy :

total population 99.00 %
male 99.00 %
female 99.00 %

Country name :

conventional long form Czech Republic
conventional short form Czech Republic
local long form Ceska Republika
local short form Cesko

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 CZ
ISO Numeric 203
ISO3 CZE
FIPS EZ
ccTLD cz
English Czech Republic

Administrative divisions :

13 regions (kraje, singular - kraj) and 1 capital city* (hlavni mesto); Jihocesky (South Bohemia), Jihomoravsky (South Moravia), Karlovarsky, Kralovehradecky, Liberecky, Moravskoslezsky (Moravia-Silesia), Olomoucky, Pardubicky, Plzensky (Pilsen), Praha (Prague)*, Stredocesky (Central Bohemia), Ustecky, Vysocina, Zlinsky 

Capital :

name Prague
geographic coordinates 50 05 N, 14 28 E
time difference 1.00
daylight saving time 1

International organization participation :

ACCT (observer) Australia Group
BIS BSEC (observer)
CE CEI
CERN EAPC
EBRD EIB
ESA EU
FAO IAEA
IBRD ICAO
ICC ICCt
ICCt (signatory) ICRM
IDA IEA
IFC IFRCS
ILO IMF
IMO IMSO
IOC IOM
IPU ISO
ITSO ITU
ITUC Interpol
MIGA MONUC
NATO NEA
NSG OAS (observer)
OECD OIF (observer)
OPCW OSCE
PCA SECI (observer)
Schengen Convention UN
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNIDO UNWTO
UPU WCO
WEU (associate) WFTU
WHO WIPO
WMO WTO
ZC

Independence :

1993-01-01 

National holiday :

Foundation Day

1918-10-28

Executive branch :

President Vaclav KLAUS Prime Minister Jan FISCHER

Legislative branch :

ODS 35.40 %
CSSD 32.30 %
KSCM 12.80 %
KDU-CSL 7.20 %
Greens 6.30 %
other 6.00 %

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 256 700 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 189 700 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate -4.20 %
PPP - per capita 25 100 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 2.80 %
industry 35.00 %
services 62.30 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 3.60 %
industry 40.20 %
services 56.20 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 5 380 000 people
Unemployment rate 9.30 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 26.00
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.10 %
Investment (gross fixed) 23.20 % of GDP
Current account balance - 3 886 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 38 680 000 000 $
Debt external 76 830 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 11 110 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 118 900 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 48 850 000 000 $
Military expenditures 1.46 % of GDP
Public debt 32.80 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 4.30 %
highest 10% 22.40 %

Budget :

revenues 76 710 000 000 $
expenditures 85 650 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

fruits hops
pigs potatoes
poultry sugar beets
wheat

Industries :

armaments equipment
glass machinery
metallurgy motor vehicles

Energy :

Electricity Production 82 720 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 61 650 000 000 kWh
Electricity Exports 19 990 000 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 8 520 000 000 kWh
Oil Production 16 080 bbl/day
Oil Consumption 212 800 bbl/day
Oil Exports 22 560 bbl/day
Oil Imports 213 900 bbl/day
Oil Proved reserves 15 000 000 bbl
Natural gas Production 192 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Consumption 8 719 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Exports 968 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Imports 9 573 000 000 cubic metres
Electricity Exports 3 964 000 000 cubic metres

Value :

106 400 000 000 $

Partners :

Germany (de) 28.00 %
Tawian 8.50 %
Slovakia (sk) 8.40 %
Poland (pl) 5.90 %
France (fr) 4.90 %
United Kingdom (gb) 4.40 %
Austria (at) 4.30 %
Italy (it) 4.30 %

Commodities :

chemicals machinery and transportation equipment
raw materials and fuel

Value :

99 970 000 000 $

Partners :

Germany (de) 28.60 %
Tawian 6.80 %
Slovakia (sk) 6.20 %
Poland (pl) 6.10 %
Russia (ru) 5.80 %
Netherlands (nl) 5.30 %
Austria (at) 4.90 %
China (cn) 4.60 %

Commodities :

chemicals machinery and transportation equipment
raw materials and fuels

Currency-name :

Czech koruna 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 2 278 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 13 780 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 304
Television broadcast stations 71
Internet Country code (ccTLD) cz
Internet Hosts 3 233 000
Internet Users 6 028 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 44
Heliports 1
Pipelines - gas 7 010 km
Pipelines - oil 547 km
Pipelines - refined products 94 km
Roadways - total 128 512 km
Roadways - expressways 657 km
Roadways - paved 128 512 km
Railways 9 620 km
Waterways 664 km

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