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Guinea-Bissau

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Background :

Since independence from Portugal in 1974, Guinea-Bissau has experienced considerable political and military upheaval. In 1980, a military coup established authoritarian dictator Joao Bernardo 'Nino' VIEIRA as president. Despite setting a path to a market economy and multiparty system, VIEIRA's regime was characterized by the suppression of political opposition and the purging of political rivals. Several coup attempts through the 1980s and early 1990s failed to unseat him. In 1994 VIEIRA was elected president in the country's first free elections. A military mutiny and resulting civil war in 1998 eventually led to VIEIRA's ouster in May 1999. In February 2000, a transitional government turned over power to opposition leader Kumba YALA, after he was elected president in transparent polling. In September 2003, after only three years in office, YALA was ousted by the military in a bloodless coup, and businessman Henrique ROSA was sworn in as interim president. In 2005, former President VIEIRA was re-elected president pledging to pursue economic development and national reconciliation; he was assassinated in March 2009. Malam Bacai SANHA was elected in an emergency election held in June 2009. 

Location :

Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea and Senegal 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

12 00 N, 15 00 W  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West -16.72
North 12.68
East -13.64
South 10.92

Area :

total 36 125 square km
land 28 120 square km
water 8 005 square km

Land boundaries :

total 724 km
Guinea (gn) 386 km
Senegal (sn) 338 km

Coastline :

350.00 km

Climate :

tropical; generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds 

Terrain :

mostly low coastal plain rising to savanna in east 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 0 metres
highest point 300 metres

Natural resources :

bauxite clay
fish granite
limestone phosphates
timber unexploited deposits of petroleum

Land use :

arable land 8.31 %
permanent crops 6.92 %
other 84.77 %

Irrigated land :

250 square km

Natural hazards :

harmattan haze

current issues :

deforestation; soil erosion; overgrazing; overfishing 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes
Law of the Sea Ozone Layer Protection
Wetlands

Population :

1 533 964 

Indicators :

Growth rate 2.02 %
Birth rate 35.97 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 4.65 children born/woman
Death rate 15.79 deaths/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 40.80 %
15-64 years 56.10 %
65 years and over 3.10 %

Median age :

total 19.30 years
male 18.70 years
female 19.80 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.00 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.93 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.68 male(s)/female
total population 0.95 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 99.82 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 47.90 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 46.07 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 49.79 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 1.80 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 16 000
HIV-AIDS deaths 1 100

Religions :

Muslim 50.00 %
indigenous beliefs 40.00 %
Christian 10.00 %

Languages :

Portuguese  
Crioulo  
African  

Literacy :

total population 42.40 %
male 58.10 %
female 27.40 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Guinea-Bissau
conventional short form Guinea-Bissau
local long form Republica da Guine-Bissau
local short form Guine-Bissau
former Portuguese Guinea

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 GW
ISO Numeric 624
ISO3 GNB
FIPS PU
ccTLD gw
English Guinea-Bissau

Administrative divisions :

9 regions (regioes, singular - regiao); Bafata, Biombo, Bissau, Bolama, Cacheu, Gabu, Oio, Quinara, Tombali; note - Bolama may have been renamed Bolama/Bijagos 

Capital :

name Bissau
geographic coordinates 11 51 N, 15 35 W
time difference 0.00

International organization participation :

ACP AOSIS
AU AfDB
CPLP ECOWAS
FAO FZ
G-77 IBRD
ICAO ICCt (signatory)
ICRM IDA
IDB IFAD
IFC IFRCS
ILO IMF
IMO IOC
IOM ITSO
ITU ITUC
Interpol MIGA
NAM OIC
OIF UN
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNIDO UNWTO
UPU Union Latina
WADB (regional) WAEMU
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO

Independence :

1973-09-24 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1973-09-24

Executive branch :

President Malam Bacai SANHA Prime Minister Carlos GOMES Junior

Legislative branch :

PAIGC 49.80 %
PRS 25.30 %
PRID 7.50 %
PND 2.40 %
AD 1.40 %

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 939 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 438 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate 3.50 %
PPP - per capita 600 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 62.00 %
industry 12.00 %
services 26.00 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 82.00 %
services 18.00 %

Other Indicators :

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.80 %
Current account balance - 6 000 000 $
Debt external 941 500 000 $
Military expenditures 3.10 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 2.90 %
highest 10% 28.00 %

Agriculture - products :

beans cashew nuts
cassava corn
cotton fish
palm kernels peanuts
rice timber

Industries :

agricultural products processing beer
soft drinks

Energy :

Electricity Production 65 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 60 450 000 kWh
Oil Consumption 3 000 bbl/day
Oil Imports 2 545 bbl/day

Value :

133 000 000 $

Commodities :

cashew nuts palm kernels
peanuts sawn lumber
shrimp

Value :

200 000 000 $

Partners :

Portugal (pt) 24.10 %
Senegal (sn) 16.90 %
India (in) 11.30 %
Cote dIvoire 4.90 %
Pakistan (pk) 4.70 %
France (fr) 4.50 %

Commodities :

foodstuffs machinery and transportation equipment
petroleum products

Currency-name :

Communaute Financiere Africaine franc 

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 4 600
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 500 200
FM Radio broadcast stations 4
Television broadcast stations 1
Internet Country code (ccTLD) gw
Internet Hosts 82
Internet Users 37 100

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 2
Roadways - total 3 455 km
Roadways - paved 965 km
Roadways - unpaved 2 490 km

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