* βeta

Gambia

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Background :

The Gambia gained its independence from the UK in 1965. Geographically surrounded by Senegal, it formed a short-lived federation of Senegambia between 1982 and 1989. In 1991 the two nations signed a friendship and cooperation treaty, but tensions have flared up intermittently since then. Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH led a military coup in 1994 that overthrew the president and banned political activity. A new constitution and presidential elections in 1996, followed by parliamentary balloting in 1997, completed a nominal return to civilian rule. JAMMEH has been elected president in all subsequent elections, including most recently in late 2006. 

Location :

Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and Senegal 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

13 28 N, 16 34 W  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West -16.83
North 13.83
East -13.80
South 13.06

Area :

total 11 295 square km
land 10 000 square km
water 1 295 square km

Land boundaries :

total 740 km
Senegal (sn) 740 km

Coastline :

80.00 km

Climate :

tropical; hot, rainy season (June to November); cooler, dry season (November to May) 

Terrain :

flood plain of the Gambia River flanked by some low hills 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 0 metres
highest point 53 metres

Natural resources :

clay fish
silica sand tin
titanium zircon

Land use :

arable land 27.88 %
permanent crops 0.44 %
other 71.68 %

Irrigated land :

20 square km

current issues :

deforestation; desertification; water-borne diseases prevalent 

international agreements :

Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes
Law of the Sea Ozone Layer Protection
Ship Pollution Wetlands
Whaling

Population :

1 778 081 

Indicators :

Growth rate 2.59 %
Birth rate 37.80 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 5.04 children born/woman
Death rate 12.21 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate 0.30 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 43.60 %
15-64 years 53.50 %
65 years and over 2.80 %

Median age :

total 17.90 years
male 17.80 years
female 18.10 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.98 male(s)/female
65 years and over 1.00 male(s)/female
total population 1.00 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 68.84 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 53.81 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 52.05 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 55.62 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.90 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 8 200
HIV-AIDS deaths 600

Religions :

Muslim 90.00 %
Christian 8.00 %
indigenous beliefs 2.00 %

Languages :

English  
Mandinka  
Wolof  
Fula  

Literacy :

total population 40.10 %
male 47.80 %
female 32.80 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of The Gambia
conventional short form The Gambia

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 GM
ISO Numeric 270
ISO3 GMB
FIPS GA
ccTLD gm
English Gambia

Administrative divisions :

5 divisions and 1 city*; Banjul*, Central River, Lower River, North Bank, Upper River, Western 

Capital :

name Banjul
geographic coordinates 13 27 N, 16 34 W
time difference 0.00

International organization participation :

ABEDA ACP
AU AfDB
C ECOWAS
FAO G-77
IBRD ICAO
ICCt ICRM
IDA IDB
IFAD IFC
IFRCS ILO
IMF IMO
IOC IOM
IPU ISO (correspondent)
ITSO ITU
ITUC Interpol
MIGA NAM
OIC OPCW
UN UNAMID
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNIDO UNMIL
UNOCI UNWTO
UPU WCO
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO

Independence :

1965-02-18 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1965-02-18

Executive branch :

President Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 2 385 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 726 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate 3.50 %
PPP - per capita 1 300 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 33.50 %
industry 8.50 %
services 58.00 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 75.00 %
industry 19.00 %
services 6.00 %

Other Indicators :

Distribution of family income - Gini index 50.20
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 6.00 %
Investment (gross fixed) 27.20 % of GDP
Current account balance - 88 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 123 000 000 $
Debt external 628 800 000 $
Military expenditures 0.50 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 2.00 %
highest 10% 36.90 %

Budget :

revenues 129 100 000 $
expenditures 153 600 000 $

Agriculture - products :

cassava cattle
corn goats
millet palm kernels
peanuts rice
sesame sheep
sorghum

Industries :

agricultural machinery assembly beverages
clothing fish
hides metalworking
processing peanuts tourism
woodworking

Energy :

Electricity Production 160 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 148 800 000 kWh
Oil Consumption 2 000 bbl/day
Oil Exports 41 bbl/day
Oil Imports 2 266 bbl/day

Value :

77 000 000 $

Commodities :

cotton lint fish
palm kernels peanut products
re-exports

Value :

239 000 000 $

Partners :

China (cn) 21.60 %
Senegal (sn) 12.70 %
Cote d'Ivoire 6.70 %
Brazil (br) 6.00 %
Netherlands (nl) 5.30 %

Commodities :

foodstuffs fuels
machinery and transportation equipment manufactures

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 48 900
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 1 166 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 2
Television broadcast stations 1
Internet Country code (ccTLD) gm
Internet Hosts 895
Internet Users 114 200

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 1
Roadways - total 3 742 km
Roadways - paved 723 km
Roadways - unpaved 3 019 km
Waterways 390 km

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