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Ireland

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Background :

Celtic tribes arrived on the island between 600-150 B.C. Invasions by Norsemen that began in the late 8th century were finally ended when King Brian BORU defeated the Danes in 1014. English invasions began in the 12th century and set off more than seven centuries of Anglo-Irish struggle marked by fierce rebellions and harsh repressions. A failed 1916 Easter Monday Rebellion touched off several years of guerrilla warfare that in 1921 resulted in independence from the UK for 26 southern counties; six northern (Ulster) counties remained part of the UK. In 1949, Ireland withdrew from the British Commonwealth; it joined the European Community in 1973. Irish governments have sought the peaceful unification of Ireland and have cooperated with Britain against terrorist groups. A peace settlement for Northern Ireland is gradually being implemented despite some difficulties. In 2006, the Irish and British governments developed and began to implement the St. Andrews Agreement, building on the Good Friday Agreement approved in 1998. 

Location :

Western Europe, occupying five-sixths of the island of Ireland in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Great Britain 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

53 00 N, 8 00 W  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West -10.48
North 55.39
East -6.00
South 51.45

Area :

total 70 273 square km
land 68 883 square km
water 1 390 square km

Land boundaries :

total 360 km
UK 360 km

Coastline :

1448.00 km

Climate :

temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild winters, cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the time 

Terrain :

mostly level to rolling interior plain surrounded by rugged hills and low mountains; sea cliffs on west coast 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 0 metres
highest point 1 041 metres

Natural resources :

barite copper
dolomite gypsum
lead limestone
natural gas peat
silver zinc

Land use :

arable land 16.82 %
permanent crops 0.03 %
other 83.15 %

current issues :

water pollution, especially of lakes, from agricultural runoff 

international agreements :

Air Pollution Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants Air Pollution-Sulfur 94
Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Environmental Modification
Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea
Marine Dumping Marine Life Conservation
Ozone Layer Protection Ship Pollution
Tropical Timber 83 Tropical Timber 94
Wetlands Whaling

Population :

4 203 200 

Indicators :

Growth rate 1.12 %
Birth rate 14.23 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 1.85 children born/woman
Death rate 7.75 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate 4.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 20.90 %
15-64 years 67.10 %
65 years and over 12.00 %

Median age :

total 35.00 years
male 34.20 years
female 35.70 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.07 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.00 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.81 male(s)/female
total population 0.99 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 5.05 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 78.24 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 75.60 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 81.06 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.20 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 5 500
HIV-AIDS deaths 100

Religions :

Roman Catholic 87.40 %
other Christian 1.90 %
other 2.10 %
unspecified 1.50 %
none 4.20 %

Languages :

English is the language generally used  
Irish spoken mainly in areas along the western coast  

Literacy :

total population 99.00 %
male 99.00 %
female 99.00 %

Country name :

conventional short form Ireland
local short form Eire

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 IE
ISO Numeric 372
ISO3 IRL
FIPS EI
ccTLD ie
English Ireland

Administrative divisions :

29 counties and 5 cities*; Carlow, Cavan, Clare, Cork, Cork*, Donegal, Dublin*, Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown, Fingal, Galway, Galway*, Kerry, Kildare, Kilkenny, Laois, Leitrim, Limerick, Limerick*, Longford, Louth, Mayo, Meath, Monaghan, North Tipperary, Offaly, Roscommon, Sligo, South Dublin, South Tipperary, Waterford, Waterford*, Westmeath, Wexford, Wicklow 

Capital :

name Dublin
geographic coordinates 53 19 N, 6 14 W
time difference 0.00
daylight saving time 1

International organization participation :

ADB (nonregional member) Australia Group
BIS CE
EAPC EBRD
EIB EMU
ESA EU
FAO FATF
IAEA IBRD
ICAO ICC
ICCt ICRM
IDA IEA
IFAD IFC
IFRCS IHO
ILO IMF
IMO IOC
IOM IPU
ISO ITSO
ITU ITUC
Interpol MIGA
MINURCAT MINURSO
MONUC NEA
NSG OAS (observer)
OECD OPCW
OSCE PCA
PFP Paris Club
UN UNCTAD
UNESCO UNHCR
UNIDO UNIFIL
UNMIL UNOCI
UNTSO UPU
WCO WEU (observer)
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO ZC

Independence :

1921-12-06 

National holiday :

Saint Patricks Day

2010-03-17

Executive branch :

President Mary MCALEESE Prime Minister Brian COWEN

Legislative branch :

Fianna Fail 41.60 %
Fine Gael 27.30 %
Labor Party 10.10 %
Sinn Fein 6.90 %
Green Party 4.70 %
Progressive Democrats 2.70 %
other 6.70 %

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 177 000 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 226 800 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate -7.50 %
PPP - per capita 42 200 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 5.00 %
industry 46.00 %
services 49.00 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 6.00 %
industry 27.00 %
services 67.00 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 2 200 000 people
Unemployment rate 12.00 %
Population below poverty line 4.20 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 30.70
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -1.70 %
Investment (gross fixed) 15.40 % of GDP
Current account balance - 5 308 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 1 022 999 999 $
Debt external 2 287 000 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 157 100 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 174 200 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 144 000 000 000 $
Military expenditures 0.90 % of GDP
Public debt 63.70 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 2.90 %
highest 10% 27.20 %

Budget :

revenues 74 820 000 000 $
expenditures 104 600 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

barley beef
dairy potatoes
sugar beets turnips
wheat

Industries :

aluminum barite
brewing chemicals
clothing crystal
food products glass
gypsum mining processing lead
machinery pharmaceuticals
rail transportation equipment silver
software steel
textiles tourism
zinc

Energy :

Electricity Production 26 060 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 25 120 000 000 kWh
Electricity Exports 303 000 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 753 000 000 kWh
Oil Consumption 188 000 bbl/day
Oil Exports 22 710 bbl/day
Oil Imports 190 800 bbl/day
Natural gas Production 438 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Consumption 5 217 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Imports 4 798 000 000 cubic metres
Electricity Exports 9 911 000 000 cubic metres

Value :

107 300 000 000 $

Commodities :

animal products chemicals
computers live animals
machinery and equipment pharmaceuticals

Value :

64 900 000 000 $

Commodities :

chemicals clothing
data processing equipment other machinery and equipment
petroleum and petroleum products textiles

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 2 202 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 5 048 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 106
Television broadcast stations 4
Internet Country code (ccTLD) ie
Internet Hosts 1 303 000
Internet Users 2 830 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 17
Pipelines - gas 1 550 km
Roadways - total 96 602 km
Roadways - expressways 200 km
Roadways - paved 96 602 km
Railways 3 237 km
Waterways 956 km

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