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Lithuania

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Background :

Lithuanian lands were united under MINDAUGAS in 1236; over the next century, through alliances and conquest, Lithuania extended its territory to include most of present-day Belarus and Ukraine. By the end of the 14th century Lithuania was the largest state in Europe. An alliance with Poland in 1386 led the two countries into a union through the person of a common ruler. In 1569, Lithuania and Poland formally united into a single dual state, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This entity survived until 1795, when its remnants were partitioned by surrounding countries. Lithuania regained its independence following World War I but was annexed by the USSR in 1940 - an action never recognized by the US and many other countries. On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but Moscow did not recognize this proclamation until September of 1991 (following the abortive coup in Moscow). The last Russian troops withdrew in 1993. Lithuania subsequently restructured its economy for integration into Western European institutions; it joined both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004. 

Location :

Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

56 00 N, 24 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 20.94
North 56.45
East 26.87
South 53.90

Area :

total 65 300 square km
land 62 680 square km
water 2 620 square km

Land boundaries :

total 1 574 km
Belarus (by) 680 km
Latvia (lv) 576 km
Poland (pl) 91 km
Russia (Kaliningrad) 227 km

Coastline :

90.00 km

Climate :

transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers 

Terrain :

lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 0 metres
highest point 294 metres

Natural resources :

amber arable land
peat

Land use :

arable land 44.81 %
permanent crops 0.90 %
other 54.29 %

Irrigated land :

70 square km

current issues :

contamination of soil and groundwater with petroleum products and chemicals at military bases 

international agreements :

Air Pollution Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants Air Pollution-Sulfur 85
Air Pollution-Sulfur 94 Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds
Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Environmental Modification
Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea
Ozone Layer Protection Ship Pollution
Wetlands

Population :

3 555 179 

Indicators :

Growth rate -0.28 %
Birth rate 9.11 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 1.23 children born/woman
Death rate 11.18 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate -0.72 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 14.20 %
15-64 years 69.60 %
65 years and over 16.20 %

Median age :

total 39.30 years
male 36.80 years
female 41.90 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.53 male(s)/female
total population 0.89 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 6.47 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 74.90 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 69.98 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 80.10 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.10 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 2 200
HIV-AIDS deaths 200

Religions :

Roman Catholic 79.00 %
Orthodox 4.10 %
Protestant 1.90 %
other 5.50 %
none 9.50 %

Languages :

Lithuanian 82.00 %
Russian 8.00 %
Polish 5.60 %

Literacy :

total population 99.60 %
male 99.60 %
female 99.60 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Lithuania
conventional short form Lithuania
local long form Lietuvos Respublika
local short form Lietuva
former Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 LT
ISO Numeric 440
ISO3 LTU
FIPS LH
ccTLD lt
English Lithuania

Administrative divisions :

10 counties (apskritys, singular - apskritis); Alytaus, Kauno, Klaipedos, Marijampoles, Panevezio, Siauliu, Taurages, Telsiu, Utenos, Vilniaus 

Capital :

name Vilnius
geographic coordinates 54 41 N, 25 19 E
time difference 2.00
daylight saving time 1

International organization participation :

Australia Group BA
BIS CBSS
CE EAPC
EBRD EIB
EU FAO
IAEA IBRD
ICAO ICC
ICCt ICRM
IDA IFC
IFRCS ILO
IMF IMO
IOC IOM
IPU ISO
ITU ITUC
Interpol MIGA
NATO NIB
NSG OIF (observer)
OPCW OSCE
PCA Schengen Convention
UN UNCTAD
UNESCO UNIDO
UNWTO UPU
WCO WEU (associate partner)
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO

Independence :

1990-03-11 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1918-02-16

Executive branch :

President Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE Prime Minister Andrius KUBILIUS

Legislative branch :

TS-LKD 19.70 %
TPP 15.10 %
TT 12.70 %
LSDP 11.70 %
KDP+J 9.00 %
LRLS 5.70 %
LCS 5.30 %
LLRA 4.80 %
LVLS 3.70 %
NS 3.60 %
other 8.70 %

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 53 350 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 35 960 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate -16.80 %
PPP - per capita 15 000 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 5.30 %
industry 33.20 %
services 61.50 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 14.00 %
industry 29.10 %
services 56.90 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 1 656 000 people
Unemployment rate 15.00 %
Population below poverty line 4.00 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 36.00
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4.70 %
Investment (gross fixed) 20.40 % of GDP
Current account balance 482 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 5 673 000 000 $
Debt external 36 430 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 2 035 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 13 800 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 3 625 000 000 $
Military expenditures 1.20 % of GDP
Public debt 31.30 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 2.70 %
highest 10% 27.40 %

Budget :

revenues 13 090 000 000 $
expenditures 16 620 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

beef eggs
fish flax
grain milk
potatoes sugar beets
vegetables

Industries :

agricultural machinery amber jewelry
computers electric motors
electronic components fertilizer
food processing freezers
furniture making metal cutting machine tools
optical equipment petroleum refining
refrigerators shipbuilding
television sets textiles

Energy :

Electricity Production 12 090 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 9 612 000 000 kWh
Electricity Exports 6 606 000 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 5 649 000 000 kWh
Oil Production 8 247 bbl/day
Oil Consumption 73 000 bbl/day
Oil Exports 137 200 bbl/day
Oil Imports 204 000 bbl/day
Oil Proved reserves 12 000 000 bbl
Natural gas Consumption 3 530 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Imports 3 530 000 000 cubic metres

Value :

14 680 000 000 $

Commodities :

chemicals foodstuffs
machinery and equipment mineral products
textiles and clothing wood and wood products

Value :

15 630 000 000 $

Commodities :

chemicals machinery and equipment
metals mineral products
textiles and clothing transportation equipment

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 784 900
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 5 023 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 142
Television broadcast stations 44
Internet Country code (ccTLD) lt
Internet Hosts 885 064
Internet Users 1 777 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 32
Pipelines - gas 1 695 km
Pipelines - refined products 114 km
Roadways - total 80 715 km
Roadways - expressways 309 km
Roadways - paved 71 301 km
Roadways - unpaved 9 414 km
Railways 1 765 km
Waterways 441 km

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