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Philippines
Background :
The Philippine Islands became a Spanish colony during the 16th century; they were ceded to the US in 1898 following the Spanish-American War. In 1935 the Philippines became a self-governing commonwealth. Manuel QUEZON was elected president and was tasked with preparing the country for independence after a 10-year transition. In 1942 the islands fell under Japanese occupation during World War II, and US forces and Filipinos fought together during 1944-45 to regain control. On 4 July 1946 the Republic of the Philippines attained its independence. The 20-year rule of Ferdinand MARCOS ended in 1986, when a "people power" movement in Manila ("EDSA 1") forced him into exile and installed Corazon AQUINO as president. Her presidency was hampered by several coup attempts, which prevented a return to full political stability and economic development. Fidel RAMOS was elected president in 1992 and his administration was marked by greater stability and progress on economic reforms. In 1992, the US closed its last military bases on the islands. Joseph ESTRADA was elected president in 1998, but was succeeded by his vice-president, Gloria MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, in January 2001 after ESTRADA's stormy impeachment trial on corruption charges broke down and another "people power" movement ("EDSA 2") demanded his resignation. MACAPAGAL-ARROYO was elected to a six-year term as president in May 2004. The Philippine Government faces threats from three terrorist groups on the US Government's Foreign Terrorist Organization list, but in 2006 and 2007 scored some major successes in capturing or killing key wanted terrorists. Decades of Muslim insurgency in the southern Philippines have led to a peace accord with one group and on-again/off-again peace talks with another.
Location :
Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Philippine Sea and the South China Sea, east of Vietnam
Geographic Coordinates Center :
13 00 N, 122 00 E (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | 116.93 |
| North | 21.12 |
| East | 126.60 |
| South | 4.64 |
Map references :
Asia
Area :
| total | 300 000 | square km |
| land | 298 170 | square km |
| water | 1 830 | square km |
Coastline :
36289.00 km
Climate :
tropical marine; northeast monsoon (November to April); southwest monsoon (May to October)
Terrain :
mostly mountains with narrow to extensive coastal lowlands
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 0 | metres |
| highest point | 2 954 | metres |
Natural resources :
| cobalt | copper |
| gold | nickel |
| petroleum | salt |
| silver | timber |
Land use :
| arable land | 19.00 | % |
| permanent crops | 16.67 | % |
| other | 64.33 | % |
Irrigated land :
15 500 square km
Total renewable water resources :
479 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| active volcanoes | cyclonic storms |
| destructive earthquakes | lides |
| tsunamis | typhoons |
current issues :
uncontrolled deforestation especially in watershed areas; soil erosion; air and water pollution in major urban centers; coral reef degradation; increasing pollution of coastal mangrove swamps that are important fish breeding grounds
international agreements :
| Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants | Biodiversity |
| Climate Change | Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
| Desertification | Endangered Species |
| Hazardous Wastes | Law of the Sea |
| Marine Dumping | Ozone Layer Protection |
| Ship Pollution | Tropical Timber 83 |
| Tropical Timber 94 | Wetlands |
| Whaling |
Population :
97 976 603
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 1.96 | % |
| Birth rate | 26.01 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 3.27 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 5.10 | deaths/1,000 population |
| Net migration rate | -1.34 | migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 35.20 | % |
| 15-64 years | 60.60 | % |
| 65 years and over | 4.10 | % |
Median age :
| total | 22.50 | years |
| male | 22.00 | years |
| female | 23.00 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.05 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.04 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 1.00 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.76 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 1.00 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 20.56 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 71.09 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 68.17 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 74.15 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 0.10 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 8 300 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 200 |
Religions :
| Roman Catholic | 80.90 | % |
| Muslim | 5.00 | % |
| Evangelical | 2.80 | % |
| Iglesia ni Kri. | 3.00 | % |
| Aglipayan | 2.00 | % |
| other Christian | 4.50 | % |
| other | 1.80 | % |
| unspecified | 0.60 | % |
| none | 0.10 | % |
Languages :
| Filipino | |
| English |
Literacy :
| total population | 92.60 | % |
| male | 92.50 | % |
| female | 92.70 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Republic of the Philippines |
| conventional short form | Philippines |
| local long form | Republika ng Pilipinas |
| local short form | Pilipinas |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | PH |
| ISO Numeric | 608 |
| ISO3 | PHL |
| FIPS | RP |
| ccTLD | ph |
| English | Philippines |
Administrative divisions :
80 provinces and 120 chartered cities||provinces:|Abra, Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Aklan, Albay, Antique, Apayao, Aurora, Basilan, Bataan, Batanes, Batangas, Biliran, Benguet, Bohol, Bukidnon, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Camiguin, Capiz, Catanduanes, Cavite, Cebu, Compostela, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Davao Oriental, Dinagat Islands, Eastern Samar, Guimaras, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Iloilo, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, La Union, Leyte, Maguindanao, Marinduque, Masbate, Mindoro Occidental, Mindoro Oriental, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, Mountain Province, Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, North Cotabato, Northern Samar, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Palawan, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Quirino, Rizal, Romblon, Samar, Sarangani, Siquijor, Sorsogon, South Cotabato, Southern Leyte, Sultan Kudarat, Sulu, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Tarlac, Tawi-Tawi, Zambales, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay||chartered cities:|Alaminos, Angeles, Antipolo, Bacolod, Bago, Baguio, Bais, Balanga, Batac, Batangas, Bayawan, Bislig, Butuan, Cabadbaran, Cabanatuan, Cadiz, Cagayan de Oro, Calamba, Calapan, Calbayog, Candon, Canlaon, Cauayan, Cavite, Cebu, Cotabato, Dagupan, Danao, Dapitan, Davao, Digos, Dipolog, Dumaguete, Escalante, Gapan, General Santos, Gingoog, Himamaylan, Iligan, Iloilo, Isabela, Iriga, Kabankalan, Kalookan, Kidapawan, Koronadal, La Carlota, Laoag, Lapu-Lapu, Las Pinas, Legazpi, Ligao, Lipa, Lucena, Maasin, Makati, Malabon, Malaybalay, Malolos, Mandaluyong, Mandaue, Manila, Marawi, Marikina, Masbate, Mati, Meycauayan, Muntinlupa, Munoz, Naga, Navotas, Olongapo, Ormoc, Oroquieta, Ozamis, Pagadian, Palayan, Panabo, Paranaque, Pasay, Pasig, Passi, Puerto Princesa, Quezon, Roxas, Sagay, Samal, San Carlos (in Negros Occidental), San Carlos (in Pangasinan), San Fernando (in La Union), San Fernando (in Pampanga), San Jose, San Jose del Monte, San Juan, San Pablo, Santa Rosa, Santiago, Silay, Sipalay, Sorsogon, Surigao, Tabaco, Tacloban, Tacurong, Tagaytay, Tagbilaran, Taguig, Tagum, Talisay (in Cebu), Talisay (in Negros Occidental), Tanauan, Tangub, Tanjay, Tarlac, Toledo, Tuguegarao, Trece Martires, Urdaneta, Valencia, Valenzuela, Victorias, Vigan, Zamboanga
Capital :
| name | Manila |
| geographic coordinates | 14 35 N, 121 00 E |
| time difference | 8.00 |
International organization participation :
| ADB | APEC |
| APT | ARF |
| ASEAN | BIS |
| CP | EAS |
| FAO | G-24 |
| G-77 | IAEA |
| IBRD | ICAO |
| ICC | ICCt (signatory) |
| ICRM | IDA |
| IFAD | IFC |
| IFRCS | IHO |
| ILO | IMF |
| IMO | IMSO |
| IOC | IOM |
| IPU | ISO |
| ITSO | ITU |
| ITUC | Interpol |
| MIGA | MINUSTAH |
| NAM | OAS (observer) |
| OPCW | PIF (partner) |
| UN | UNCTAD |
| UNDOF | UNESCO |
| UNHCR | UNIDO |
| UNMIL | UNMIS |
| UNMIT | UNMOGIP |
| UNOCI | UNWTO |
| UPU | Union Latina |
| WCO | WFTU |
| WHO | WIPO |
| WMO | WTO |
Independence :
1898-06-12
National holiday :
Independence Day
1898-06-12
Executive branch :
| President Gloria MACAPAGAL-ARROYO | President Gloria MACAPAGAL-ARROYO |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 324 900 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 160 600 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | 0.90 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 3 300 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 14.90 | % |
| industry | 29.90 | % |
| services | 55.20 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 34.00 | % |
| industry | 15.00 | % |
| services | 51.00 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 37 890 000 | people |
| Unemployment rate | 7.50 | % |
| Population below poverty line | 32.90 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 45.80 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3.20 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 14.30 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | 8 160 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 44 200 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 53 140 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad | 5 990 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - at home | 22 900 000 000 | $ |
| Market value of publicly traded shares | 85 630 000 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 0.90 | % of GDP |
| Public debt | 58.70 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 2.40 | % |
| highest 10% | 31.20 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 23 290 000 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 29 230 000 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| bananas | beef |
| cassava | coconuts |
| corn | eggs |
| fish | mangoes |
| pineapples | pork |
| rice | sugarcane |
Industries :
| chemicals | electronics assembly |
| fishing | food processing |
| footwear | garments |
| petroleum refining | pharmaceuticals |
| wood products |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 56 570 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 48 960 000 000 | kWh |
| Oil Production | 25 120 | bbl/day |
| Oil Consumption | 313 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Exports | 36 720 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 342 200 | bbl/day |
| Oil Proved reserves | 138 500 000 | bbl |
| Natural gas Production | 2 940 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Consumption | 2 940 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Electricity Exports | 98 540 000 000 | cubic metres |
Value :
37 200 000 000 $
Partners :
| United States (us) | 17.60 | % |
| Japan (jp) | 16.20 | % |
| Netherlands (nl) | 9.80 | % |
| Hong Kong (hk) | 8.60 | % |
| China (cn) | 7.70 | % |
| Germany (de) | 6.50 | % |
| Singapore (sg) | 6.20 | % |
| South Korea | 4.80 | % |
Commodities :
| coconut oil | copper products |
| fruits | garments |
| petroleum products | semiconductors and electronic products |
| transportation equipment |
Value :
45 800 000 000 $
Partners :
| Japan (jp) | 12.50 | % |
| United States (us) | 12.00 | % |
| China (cn) | 8.80 | % |
| Singapore (sg) | 8.70 | % |
| South Korea | 7.90 | % |
| Taiwan (tw) | 7.10 | % |
| Thailand (th) | 5.70 | % |
Commodities :
| chemicals | electronic products |
| grain | iron and steel |
| machinery and transportation equipment | mineral fuels |
| plastics | textile fabrics |
Currency-code :
PHP
Currency-name :
Philippine peso
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 3 905 000 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 68 102 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 659 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 297 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | ph | |
| Internet Hosts | 283 607 | |
| Internet Users | 5 618 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 85 | |
| Heliports | 2 | |
| Pipelines - oil | 107 | km |
| Pipelines - refined products | 112 | km |
| Roadways - total | 201 910 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 21 677 | km |
| Roadways - unpaved | 180 233 | km |
| Railways | 897 | km |
| Waterways | 3 219 | km |
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