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Cyprus

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Background :

A former British colony, Cyprus became independent in 1960 following years of resistance to British rule. Tensions between the Greek Cypriot majority and Turkish Cypriot minority came to a head in December 1963, when violence broke out in the capital of Nicosia. Despite the deployment of UN peacekeepers in 1964, sporadic intercommunal violence continued forcing most Turkish Cypriots into enclaves throughout the island. In 1974, a Greek Government-sponsored attempt to seize control of Cyprus was met by military intervention from Turkey, which soon controlled more than a third of the island. In 1983, the Turkish Cypriot-occupied area declared itself the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" ("TRNC"), but it is recognized only by Turkey. The election of a new Cypriot president in 2008 served as the impetus for the UN to encourage both the Turkish and Cypriot Governments to reopen unification negotiations. In September 2008, the leaders of the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities started negotiations under UN auspices aimed at reuniting the divided island. The entire island entered the EU on 1 May 2004, although the EU acquis - the body of common rights and obligations - applies only to the areas under the internationally recognized Greek Cypriot Government, and is suspended in the areas administered by Turkish Cypriots. However, individual Turkish Cypriots able to document their eligibility for Republic of Cyprus citizenship legally enjoy the same rights accorded to other citizens of European Union states. 

Location :

Middle East, island in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Turkey 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

35 00 N, 33 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 32.27
North 35.70
East 34.60
South 34.56

Map references :

Middle East 

Area :

total 9 251 square km
water 10 square km

Land boundaries :

total 150 km
Akrotiri 47 km
Dhekelia 103 km

Coastline :

648.00 km

Climate :

temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters 

Terrain :

central plain with mountains to north and south; scattered but significant plains along southern coast 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 0 metres
highest point 1 951 metres

Natural resources :

asbestos clay earth pigment
copper gypsum
marble pyrites
salt timber

Land use :

arable land 10.81 %
permanent crops 4.32 %
other 84.87 %

Irrigated land :

400 square km

Natural hazards :

droughts earthquakes

current issues :

water resource problems (no natural reservoir catchments, seasonal disparity in rainfall, sea water intrusion to island's largest aquifer, increased salination in the north); water pollution from sewage and industrial wastes; coastal degradation; loss of wildlife habitats from urbanization 

international agreements :

Air Pollution Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants Air Pollution-Sulfur 94
Biodiversity Climate Change
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification
Endangered Species Environmental Modification
Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea
Marine Dumping Ozone Layer Protection
Ship Pollution Wetlands

Population :

1 084 748 

Indicators :

Growth rate 1.69 %
Birth rate 11.32 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 1.45 children born/woman
Death rate 6.40 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate 11.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 17.00 %
15-64 years 73.10 %
65 years and over 9.90 %

Median age :

total 35.50 years
male 34.50 years
female 36.60 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.78 male(s)/female
total population 1.00 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 9.70 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 77.49 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 74.74 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 80.38 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.10 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 1 000

Religions :

Greek Orthodox 78.00 %
Muslim 18.00 %
other 4.00 %

Languages :

Greek  
Turkish  
English  

Literacy :

total population 97.60 %
male 98.90 %
female 96.30 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Cyprus
conventional short form Cyprus
local long form Kypriaki Dimokratia/Kibris Cumhuriyeti
local short form Kypros/Kibris

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 CY
ISO Numeric 196
ISO3 CYP
FIPS CY
ccTLD cy
English Cyprus

Administrative divisions :

6 districts; Famagusta, Kyrenia, Larnaca, Limassol, Nicosia, Paphos; note - Turkish Cypriot area's administrative divisions include Kyrenia, all but a small part of Famagusta, and small parts of Nicosia (Lefkosia) 

Capital :

name Nicosia
geographic coordinates 35 10 N, 33 22 E
time difference 2.00
daylight saving time 1

International organization participation :

Australia Group C
CE EBRD
EIB EMU
EU FAO
IAEA IBRD
ICAO ICC
ICCt IFAD
IFC IHO
ILO IMF
IMO IMSO
IOC IOM
IPU ISO
ITSO ITU
ITUC Interpol
MIGA NSG
OAS (observer) OIF (associate member)
OPCW OSCE
PCA UN
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNHCR UNIDO
UNIFIL UNWTO
UPU WCO
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO

Independence :

1960-08-16 

National holiday :

Independence Day

1960-10-01

Executive branch :

President Demetris CHRISTOFIAS

Legislative branch :

AKEL 31.10 %
DISY 30.30 %
DIKO 17.90 %
EDEK 8.90 %
EURO.KO 5.80 %
Greens 2.00 %
UBP 44.10 %
CTP 29.30 %
DP 10.60 %
other 16.00 %

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 22 850 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 23 220 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate -0.80 %
PPP - per capita 21 200 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 2.10 %
industry 19.00 %
services 78.90 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 8.50 %
industry 20.50 %
services 71.00 %

Other Indicators :

Unemployment rate 4.80 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 29.00
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.90 %
Investment (gross fixed) 22.40 % of GDP
Current account balance - 1 639 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 1 002 999 999 $
Debt external 32 860 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 7 908 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 16 879 999 999 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 29 480 000 000 $
Military expenditures 3.80 % of GDP
Public debt 52.40 % of GDP

Agriculture - products :

barley cheese
citrus dairy
grapes lamb
olives pork
poultry vegetables
vegetables

Industries :

cement and gypsum production clay products
food and beverage processing light chemicals
metal products paper
ship repair and refurbishment stone
textiles tourism
wood

Energy :

Electricity Production 4 502 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 4 277 000 000 kWh
Oil Consumption 59 000 bbl/day
Oil Imports 58 930 bbl/day

Value :

1 135 000 000 $

Commodities :

cement citrus
clothing pharmaceuticals
potatoes

Value :

6 676 000 000 $

Commodities :

consumer products intermediate products
machinery petroleum and lubricants
transportation equipment

Currency-name :

Cypriot pound 

Communications :

FM Radio broadcast stations 76
Internet Country code (ccTLD) cy
Internet Hosts 185 451
Internet Users 334 400

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 13
Heliports 9
Roadways - total 14 630 km
Roadways - expressways 257 km

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